Formulir 720 Instruksi
Instruksi untuk Formulir 720, Pengembalian Pajak Terbatas
Rev. Desember 2023
Formulir Terkait
- Bentuk 720 - Pengembalian Pajak Terbatas Federal
Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service
Instructions for Form 720
Quarterly Federal Excise Tax Return
(Rev. December 2023)
Section references are to the Internal Revenue Code unless
otherwise noted.
new IRS Nos. 53 and 16 are added to Form 720, Part I. See
Renewable diesel and kerosene changes. The Act made
the following changes to the definition of renewable diesel
and the treatment of kerosene, effective for fuel sold or used
after 2022.
Future Developments
For the latest information about developments related to
Form 720 and its instructions, such as legislation enacted
Renewable diesel no longer includes fuel derived from
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biomass that meets the requirements of a Department of
Defense specification for military jet fuel or an American
Society of Testing Materials (ASTM) specification for aviation
turbine fuel.
What's New
Taxes that are scheduled to expire. Unless extended by
Congress, the following taxes will expire after December 31,
2023. For updates, see the 2024 1st quarter Form 720 and its
instructions.
Kerosene is no longer treated as diesel fuel for purposes of
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the renewable diesel mixture credit.
The section 4081 and 4083 tax rates (except for the
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Sustainable aviation fuel credit. The Act created a
sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) credit under sections 40B and
6426(k), effective January 1, 2023, so line 12d is added to
Form 720, Schedule C.
Liquefied hydrogen. The Act removed liquefied hydrogen
from the definition of alternative fuel under section 6426(d)(2)
for purposes of the alternative fuel credit and alternative fuel
mixture credit for fuel sold or used after 2022.
permanent 4.3-cents-per-gallon rate) on noncommercial
aviation kerosene and noncommercial aviation gasoline.
The section 4261 domestic and international air passenger
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ticket taxes and the ticket tax exemption for aircraft in
fractional ownership aircraft programs.
The section 4271 tax on air cargo.
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The section 4043 surtax on fuel used in aircraft in a
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fractional ownership program.
Kerosene used in aviation. Kerosene is generally taxed at
$.244 per gallon unless a reduced rate applies. The $.244
per gallon tax rate applies to kerosene removals unless it is
removed from a terminal or refinery (or a qualified refueler
truck, tanker, or tank wagon that is treated as a terminal)
directly into the fuel tank of an aircraft. See Kerosene for use
Reminders
Sections 4375 and 4376 patient-centered outcomes re-
search fee increase. The fee for policy and plan years
ending on or after October 1, 2022, but before October 1,
2023, is increased to the applicable rate of $3.00 multiplied
by the average number of lives covered under the policy or
plan. The fee for policy and plan years ending on or after
October 1, 2021, but before October 1, 2022, remains at the
applicable rate of $2.79, multiplied by the average number of
lives covered under the policy or plan. See patient-centered
outcomes research (PCOR) fee (IRS No. 133), later, and
Butane mixture doesn’t qualify for a credit. A mixture of
butane (or other gasoline blendstock) and gasoline is a
mixture of two taxable fuels. Therefore, it isn’t an alternative
fuel mixture and doesn’t qualify for the section 6426
alternative fuel mixture credit. See section 6426(e)(2), and
Rev. Rul. 2018-02 at IRS.gov/IRB/
Transportation of persons by air (IRS No. 26). The
section 4261 tax on the amount paid for each domestic
segment of taxable air transportation is adjusted for inflation
and increased to $4.80.
Use of international air travel facilities (IRS No. 27). The
section 4261 tax on the amount paid for international flights is
adjusted for inflation and increased to $21.10 per person for
flights that begin or end in the United States. The tax is
adjusted for inflation and increased to $10.60 per person for
domestic segments that begin or end in Alaska or Hawaii
(applies only to departures).
Reducing your excise tax liability. For federal income tax
purposes, reduce your expense for the section 4081 excise
tax, whether taken as a deduction or as a component of cost
of goods sold, by the amount of excise tax credits allowable
under sections 6426(c), (e), and (k) (biodiesel mixture,
alternative fuel mixture, and SAF, respectively). Similarly,
reduce your expense for the section 4041 excise tax, whether
taken as a deduction or as a component of cost of goods
sold, by the amount of excise tax credit allowable under
section 6426(d) (alternative fuel credit).
Exported gasoline blendstocks. Claims for exported
gasoline blendstocks taxed at $.001 per gallon are made on
Schedule C, line 14b. Continue to use line 1b to make claims
for exported gasoline blendstocks taxed at $.184 per gallon.
Electronic filing. You can electronically file Form 720
through any electronic return originator (ERO), transmitter,
and/or intermediate service provider (ISP) participating in the
IRS e-file program for excise taxes. For more information on
Arrow shafts (IRS No. 106). The section 4161 tax on arrow
shafts is adjusted for inflation and increased to $.59 per
arrow shaft.
Petroleum tax on domestic crude oil and imported pe-
troleum products. The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (the
Act) reinstates and increases the section 4611 Hazardous
Substance Superfund financing rate (petroleum Superfund
tax rate) on domestic crude oil (IRS No. 53) and imported
petroleum products (IRS No. 16), effective January 1, 2023
(the taxes previously expired on December 31,1995). The
Dec 7, 2023
Cat. No. 64240C
Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service
Ogden, UT 84201-0009
Federal tax deposits made by electronic funds transfer.
Generally, you must use electronic funds transfer to make
federal tax deposits, such as deposits of employment tax,
excise tax (for exceptions, see Payment of Taxes, later), and
corporate income tax. Generally, electronic funds transfers
are made using the Electronic Federal Tax Payment System
(EFTPS). If you don't want to use EFTPS, you can arrange for
your tax professional, financial institution, payroll service, or
other trusted third party to make deposits on your behalf.
EFTPS is a free service provided by the Department of the
Treasury.
How To File
If you aren't reporting a tax that you normally report, enter a
zero on the appropriate line on Form 720, Part I or II. Also, if
you have no tax to report, enter “None” on Form 720, Part III,
line 3; sign and date the return. If you file the second quarter
Form 720 only to report the PCOR fee, no filing is required in
other quarters unless you have to report other fees or taxes.
To get more information about EFTPS or to enroll in
966.
If you have adjustments to liabilities reported for prior
quarters, see Form 720-X, Amended Quarterly Federal
Excise Tax Return. Don't enter adjustments on Form 720.
If you attach additional sheets, enter your name and EIN
on each sheet.
General Instructions
Purpose of Form
Final Return
File a final return if you have been filing Form 720 and you:
1. Go out of business, or
Use Form 720 and attachments to report your liability by IRS
No. and pay the excise taxes listed on the form. If you report a
liability on Part I or Part II, you may be eligible to use
Schedule C to claim a credit.
2. Won't owe excise taxes that are reportable on Form
720 in future quarters.
Who Must File
If you are only filing to report zero tax and you won't
owe excise tax in future quarters, check the Final
return box above Part I of Form 720.
TIP
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CAUTION
must file to report the PCOR fee.
Recordkeeping
You must file Form 720 if:
You were liable for, or responsible for collecting, any of the
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Keep copies of your tax return, records, and accounts of all
transactions to show that the correct tax has been paid. Keep
records to support all claims and all exemptions at least 4
years from the latest of the date:
federal excise taxes listed on Form 720, Parts I and II, for a
prior quarter and you haven’t filed a final return; or
You are liable for, or responsible for collecting, any of the
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federal excise taxes listed on Form 720, Parts I and II, for the
current quarter.
The tax became due,
You paid the tax, or
You filed a claim.
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Penalties and Interest
When To File
If you receive a notice about a penalty after you file this
return, reply to the notice with an explanation and we will
determine if you meet reasonable-cause criteria. Don't
include an explanation when you file your return.
You must file a return for each quarter of the calendar year as
follows.
Quarter covered
Due by
Trust fund recovery penalty. If communications, air
transportation, and indoor tanning services taxes are
collected but not paid to the U.S. Treasury or are willfully not
collected, the trust fund recovery penalty may apply. The
penalty is the full amount of the unpaid tax.
The trust fund recovery penalty may be imposed on all
persons who are determined by the IRS to be responsible for
collecting, accounting for, and paying over these taxes, and
who acted willfully in not doing so.
A responsible person can be an officer or employee of a
corporation, a partner or employee of a partnership, an
employee of a sole proprietorship, an accountant, or a
volunteer director/trustee. A responsible person may also
include one who signs checks for the business or otherwise
has authority to cause the spending of business funds.
Jan., Feb., Mar.
Apr., May, June
July, Aug., Sept.
Oct., Nov., Dec.
April 30
July 31
October 31
January 31
If any due date for filing a return falls on a Saturday,
Sunday, or legal holiday, you may file the return on the next
business day.
Send your return to the IRS using the U.S. Postal Service
or a designated private delivery service to meet the “timely
mailing as timely filing/paying” rule. See Private Delivery
Services, later.
Floor stocks tax. Report the floor stocks tax on
ozone-depleting chemicals (ODCs), IRS No. 20, on the return
due by July 31 of each year. The tax payment is due by June
Willfully means voluntarily, consciously, and intentionally. A
responsible person acts willfully if they know the required
actions aren't taking place.
Additional Information
Where To File
You may find the following products helpful when preparing
Form 720 and any attachments.
Send Form 720 to:
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Instructions for Form 720 (Rev. 12-2023)
Pub. 510, Excise Taxes, contains definitions and examples
PDSs can’t deliver items to P.O. boxes. You must use
the U.S. Postal Service to mail any item to an IRS
P.O. box address.
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that will help you prepare Form 720. Pub. 510 also contains
information on fuel tax credits and refunds.
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CAUTION
Pub. 509, Tax Calendars, has deposit and payment due
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dates for federal excise taxes listed in this publication.
Notice 2005-4 (fuel tax guidance), 2005-2 I.R.B. 289, at
Photographs of Missing Children
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The IRS is a proud partner with the National Center for
Missing & Exploited Children® (NCMEC). Photographs of
missing children selected by the Center may appear in
instructions on pages that would otherwise be blank. You can
help bring these children home by looking at the photographs
and calling 1-800-THE-LOST (1-800-843-5678) if you
recognize a child.
Notice 2005-24 (sales of gasoline on oil company credit
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cards), 2005-12 I.R.B. 757, at
Notice 2005-62 (biodiesel and aviation-grade kerosene),
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2005-35 I.R.B. 443, at
Notice 2005-80 (LUST, kerosene, claims by credit card
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issuers, and mechanical dye injection), 2005-46 I.R.B. 953,
Specific Instructions
Notice 2006-92 (alternative fuels and mixtures), 2006-43
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Name and Address
I.R.B. 774, at
Enter your name, address, and the quarter ending date
(month and year). If your address changes, check the
address change box above Form 720, Part I.
Notice 2007-97 (alternative fuel and alternative fuel
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mixtures), 2007-49 I.R.B. 1092, at
P.O. box. If the post office doesn't deliver mail to the street
address and you have a P.O. box, show the box number
instead of the street address.
Notice 2008-110 (biodiesel and cellulosic biofuel),
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2008-51 I.R.B. 1298, at
Foreign address. Follow the country's practice for entering
Notice 2010-68 (Alaska dyed diesel exemption), 2010-44
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the postal code. Don't abbreviate the country name.
Notice 2012-27 (fractional aircraft), 2012-17 I.R.B. 849, at
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Employer Identification Number (EIN)
Treasury Decision (T.D.) 9670 (tanning tax), 2014-29 I.R.B.
Enter the correct EIN. If you are a one-time filer, you may not
don't have an EIN, you may apply for one online by going to
mailing Form SS-4, Application for Employer Identification
Number, to the IRS.
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Rev. Rul. 2016-03 (foreign reinsurance), 2016-3 I.R.B. 282,
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Rev. Rul. 2018-02 (butane mixture) at IRS.gov/IRB/
Disregarded entities and qualified subchapter S subsid-
iaries. Qualified subchapter S subsidiaries (QSubs) and
eligible single-owner disregarded entities are treated as
separate entities for excise tax and reporting purposes.
QSubs and eligible single-owner disregarded entities must
pay and report excise taxes (other than IRS Nos. 31, 51, and
117), register for most excise tax activities, and claim any
refunds, credits, and payments under their EINs. These
actions can't take place under the owner's taxpayer
identification number (TIN). Some QSubs and disregarded
entities may already have an EIN. However, if you are unsure,
please call the IRS Business and Specialty Tax Line at
800-829-4933.
Generally, QSubs and eligible single-owner disregarded
entities will continue to be treated as disregarded entities for
other federal tax purposes (other than employment taxes).
Thus, taxpayers filing Form 4136, with Form 1040, U.S.
Individual Income Tax Return, or 1040-SR, U.S Tax Return for
Seniors, can use the owner's TIN. For more information, see
Regulations section 301.7701-2(c)(2).
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Rev. Proc. 2022-38 (inflation adjustments), 2022-182
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Notice 2022-59 (patient-centered outcomes research
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T.D. 9948 (exemption for amounts paid for certain aircraft
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management services) at IRS.gov/IRB/
Notice 2023-6 (sustainable aviation fuel credit) at
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Announcement 2023-18 (stock buy backs) at IRS.gov/pub/
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Notice 2023-52 (sales of a designated drug during
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Notice 2023-28 (reinstatement of the “Superfund” excise
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Rev. Proc. 2022-26 (request a determination that a
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substance be added to or removed from the list of taxable
Rev. Proc. 2023-20 (modifies the effective date of
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Signature
additions to the list of taxable substances) at IRS.gov/IRB/
Form 720 must be signed by a person authorized by the
entity to sign this return.
Private Delivery Services (PDSs)
Third Party Designee
You can use PDSs designated by the IRS to meet the “timely
mailing as timely filing/paying” rule for tax returns and
If you want to allow an employee of your business, a return
preparer, or other third party to discuss your Form 720 with
the IRS, check the “Yes” box on Form 720 under Third Party
Designee. Also, enter the designee's name, phone number,
designated services. The PDS can tell you how to get written
proof of the mail date. For the IRS mailing address to use if
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Instructions for Form 720 (Rev. 12-2023)
and any five digits that person chooses as their personal
identification number (PIN).
Communications Taxes
Communications Services (IRS No. 22)
By checking the “Yes” box, you are authorizing the IRS to
speak with the designee to answer any questions relating to
the processing of, or the information reported on,
The tax is 3% of amounts paid for local telephone service
and teletypewriter exchange service.
Form 720. You are also authorizing the designee to:
Exchange information concerning Form 720 with the IRS,
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and
Who Must File
Respond to certain IRS notices that you have shared with
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your designee relating to Form 720. The IRS won't send
notices to your designee.
The person receiving the payment for communications
services must collect and submit the tax and file the return.
Enter the amount of tax collected or considered collected for
the quarter.
You aren't authorizing the designee to receive any refund
check, bind you to anything (including additional tax liability),
or otherwise represent you before the IRS. If you want to
expand the designee's authority, see Pub. 947, Practice
Before the IRS and Power of Attorney.
Credits or Refunds
If tax is collected and paid over for nontaxable services from
the communications tax, the collector may request a credit or
refund as described below.
The authorization will automatically expire 1 year from the
due date (without regard to extensions) for filing your Form
720. If you or your designee wants to revoke this
authorization, send a written statement of revocation to:
Collectors. The collector may request a credit or refund only
if it has repaid the tax to the person from whom the tax was
collected, or obtained the consent of that person to the
allowance of the credit or refund. These requirements also
apply to nontaxable service refunds.
Collectors using the regular method for deposits.
Collectors using the regular method for deposits must use
Form 720-X to request a credit or refund.
Collectors using the alternative method for deposits.
Collectors using the alternative method for deposits must
adjust their separate accounts for the credit or refund. For
more information, see Alternative method (IRS Nos. 22, 26,
27, and 28), later.
Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service
Cincinnati, OH 45999
See Pub. 947 for more information.
Paid Preparer Use Only
A paid preparer must sign Form 720 and provide the
information in the Paid Preparer Use Only section at the end
of the form if the preparer was paid to prepare the form and
isn't an employee of the filing entity. The preparer must give
you a copy of the form in addition to the copy to be filed with
the IRS. If you are a paid preparer, enter your Preparer Tax
Identification Number (PTIN) in the space provided. Include
your complete address. If you work for a firm, you must also
enter the firm’s name and the EIN of the firm. However, you
can't use the EIN of the tax preparation firm in place of your
PTIN. You can apply for a PTIN online or by filing Form W-12,
IRS Paid Preparer Tax Identification Number (PTIN)
Air Transportation Taxes
Transportation of Persons by Air (IRS No. 26)
The taxes on transportation of persons by air are the
percentage tax and the domestic segment tax. Add the
percentage tax and the domestic segment tax to get the total
tax on transportation of persons by air.
Application and Renewal. For more information about
Note. The percentage and domestic segment taxes don't
apply on a flight if the surtax on fuel used in a fractional
ownership program aircraft is imposed. For more information,
Part I
Environmental Taxes
Use Form 6627, Environmental Taxes, to figure the
environmental taxes on:
Domestic petroleum superfund tax, IRS No. 53.
Chemicals (other than ODCs), IRS No. 54.
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Who Must File
Imported chemical substances, IRS No. 17.
Imported petroleum products superfund tax, IRS No. 16.
Oil spill liability, IRS Nos. 18 and 21.
The person receiving the payment for air transportation
services must do all of the following.
Ozone-depleting chemicals (ODCs), IRS No. 98.
Imported products that used ODCs as materials in the
Collect the tax.
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Submit the tax.
manufacture or production of the product, IRS No. 19.
File Form 720 to report the amount of the tax collected, or
The floor stocks tax on ODCs, IRS No. 20 (reported on
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considered collected, for the quarter.
Form 720, Part II).
Exemption for amounts paid for aircraft management
services. Effective December 23, 2017, certain payments
related to the management of private aircraft are exempt from
the excise taxes imposed on taxable transportation by air.
See Pub. 510.
Attach Form 6627 to Form 720. The tax rates for these
taxes are shown on Form 6627.
Percentage tax. The percentage tax is 7.5% of amounts
paid for taxable transportation of persons by air.
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Instructions for Form 720 (Rev. 12-2023)
account for the uncollected tax. See Alternative method (IRS
Nos. 22, 26, 27, and 28), later.
Where to file your uncollected tax report. Don't file the
uncollected tax report with Form 720. Instead, mail the
report to:
Domestic segment tax. For calendar year 2023, the tax on
the amount paid for each domestic segment of taxable
transportation is $4.80.
Example. In January 2023, Frank Jones pays $267.60 to
a commercial airline for a flight in January from Washington
to Chicago with a stopover in Cleveland. The flight has two
segments. The price includes the $240 fare and $27.60
excise tax [($240 × 7.5%) + (2 × $4.80)] for which Frank is
liable. The airline collects the tax from Frank and submits it to
the government.
Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service
Cincinnati, OH 45999
Charter flights. If an aircraft is chartered, and the flight
isn't one where the tax on fuel used in a fractional ownership
program aircraft is imposed, the domestic segment tax for
each segment of taxable transportation is figured by
multiplying the tax by the number of passengers transported
on the aircraft.
Fuel Taxes
First taxpayer's report. If you are reporting gallons of
taxable fuel that may again be subject to tax, you may need
to file a first taxpayer's report. The report must contain all the
information as shown in the Model Certificate B in the
Appendix of Pub. 510.
Example. In March 2023, Tim Clark pays $1,142.20 to an
air charter service to carry seven employees from
Washington to Detroit with a stopover in Pittsburgh. The flight
has two segments. The price includes the $1,000 charter
payment and $142.20 excise tax [($1,000 × 7.5%) + (2 ×
$4.80 × 7 passengers)] for which Tim is liable. The charter
service collects the tax from Tim and submits it to the
government.
The person who paid the first tax must do all of the
following.
Give a copy of the first taxpayer's report to the buyer.
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File the first taxpayer's report with Form 720 for the quarter
for which the report relates.
Enter “EXCISE—FIRST TAXPAYER'S REPORT” across
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the top of a separate copy of the report, and by the due date
of Form 720, send the copy to:
Rural airports. If a segment is to or from a rural airport,
the domestic segment tax doesn't apply.
Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service
Cincinnati, OH 45999-0555
Transportation of Property by Air (IRS No. 28)
Diesel (IRS No. 60). If you are liable for the diesel fuel tax
on removal at the terminal rack, report these gallons on
line 60(a). If you are liable for the diesel fuel tax on events
other than removal at the terminal rack, report these gallons
on line 60(b). If you are liable for the diesel fuel tax because
you have produced diesel by blending biodiesel with taxed
diesel outside of the bulk transfer/terminal system, report
these gallons of biodiesel on line 60(c). If you report gallons
on line 60(c), don't report those gallons on line 60(b).
The tax is 6.25% of amounts paid for transportation of
property by air. The tax doesn't apply if the surtax on fuel
used in a fractional ownership program aircraft is imposed.
Use of International Air Travel Facilities
(IRS No. 27)
Multiply the total number of gallons subject to tax on lines
60(a), 60(b), and 60(c) by $.244 and make one entry in the
tax column.
For calendar year 2023, the section 4261 excise tax on any
amount paid for international air transportation, if the
transportation begins or ends in the United States, is
generally $21.10. However, a lower rate of tax applies to a
domestic segment beginning or ending in Alaska or Hawaii,
and the tax applies only to departures. For calendar year
2023, the rate of tax is $10.60.
Diesel-water emulsion (IRS No. 104). If you are liable for
the reduced rate (see below) of tax on a diesel-water
emulsion removal at the terminal rack or other taxable event,
report these gallons on the line for IRS No. 104.
Requirements. All of the following requirements must be
met to be eligible for the reduced rate: (a) the diesel-water
emulsion must contain at least 14% water; (b) the emulsion
additive must be registered by a U.S. manufacturer with the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under the Clean Air
Act, section 211 (as in effect on March 31, 2003); and (c) the
taxpayer must be registered by the IRS. If these requirements
aren't met, you must report the sale, removal, or use of a
diesel-water emulsion as diesel.
Communications and Air Transportation
Taxes—Uncollected Tax Report
A separate report is required to be filed by collecting agents
of communications services (local and teletypewriter service)
and air transportation taxes if the person from whom the
facilities or services tax (the tax) is required to be collected
(the taxpayer) refuses to pay the tax, or it's impossible for the
collecting agent to collect the tax. The report must contain
the name and address of the taxpayer, the type of facility
provided or service rendered, the amount paid for the facility
or service (the amount on which the tax is based), and the
date paid.
IRS Nos. 105, 107, and 119. Tax is imposed at $.001 per
gallon on removals, entries, and sales of gasoline, diesel, and
kerosene described as exempt transactions. Multiply the total
number of gallons subject to tax for each fuel by $.001 and
enter the amount in the tax column for the following IRS Nos.
Regular method taxpayers. For regular method taxpayers,
the report must be filed by the due date of the Form 720 on
which the tax would have been reported.
Alternative method taxpayers. For alternative method
taxpayers, the report must be filed by the due date of the
Form 720 that includes an adjustment to the separate
IRS No. 105, dyed diesel, LUST tax.
IRS No. 107, dyed kerosene, LUST tax.
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Instructions for Form 720 (Rev. 12-2023)
IRS No. 119, LUST tax, other exempt removals; report
line 62(a). If you are liable for the gasoline tax on events other
than removal at the terminal rack, report these gallons on
line 62(b). If you are liable for the gasoline tax because you
have blended alcohol with taxed gasoline outside of the bulk
transfer/terminal system, report these gallons of alcohol on
line 62(b).
Multiply the total number of gallons subject to tax on lines
62(a) and 62(b) by $.184. Combine the tax for lines 62(a) and
62(b) and make one entry in the tax column.
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gasoline blendstocks, kerosene used for a feedstock
purpose, and diesel or kerosene sold or used in Alaska.
Kerosene (IRS No. 35). If you are liable for the kerosene tax
on removal at the terminal rack (not located at an airport),
report these gallons on line 35(a). If you are liable for the
kerosene tax on events other than removal at the terminal
rack, report these gallons of kerosene on line 35(b).
Multiply the total number of gallons subject to tax on lines
35(a) and 35(b) by $.244 and make one entry in the tax
column.
Surtax on any liquid used in a fractional ownership pro-
gram aircraft as fuel (IRS No. 13). Fuel used in a fractional
ownership program aircraft, as defined below, after March 31,
2012, is subject to a surtax of $.141 per gallon. The fractional
ownership program manager is liable for the surtax. If you are
liable, report these gallons on the line for IRS No. 13.
The surtax applies in addition to any other taxes imposed
on the removal, entry, use, or sale of the fuel. If the surtax is
imposed, the flight isn't considered commercial aviation.
Instead, the tax on the fuel used in the flight is imposed at the
noncommercial aviation rate of $.219 per gallon (IRS No. 69).
Kerosene for use in aviation (IRS Nos. 69, 77, and 111).
Generally, kerosene is taxed at $.244 per gallon unless a
reduced rate applies. See Kerosene for Use in Aviation in
Pub. 510, for more details about these reduced rates.
If you're liable for kerosene tax on removal directly from a
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terminal into the fuel tank of an aircraft for use in aviation, the
tax rate is $.219 per gallon. This rate applies to kerosene
used in noncommercial aviation. This rate can also apply to
kerosene used in commercial aviation or for nontaxable
aviation uses if the requirements for a further reduced rate
aren't met. Report these gallons on the line for IRS No. 69.
If the surtax is imposed, the following taxes don't apply.
Transportation of persons by air (IRS No. 26).
Transportation of property by air (IRS No. 28).
Use of international air travel facilities (IRS No. 27).
Fractional ownership aircraft program is a program
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If you're liable for kerosene tax on removal directly from a
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terminal into the fuel tank of an aircraft for use in commercial
aviation (other than foreign trade), the tax rate is $.044 per
gallon. Report these gallons on the line for IRS No. 77. The
line for IRS No. 77 is only applicable to registered
under which:
A single fractional ownership program manager provides
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fractional ownership program management services on
behalf of the fractional owners;
commercial aviation operators (Form 637 "Y" Registrant).
If you’re liable for kerosene tax on removal directly from a
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There are one or more fractional owners per fractional
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terminal into the fuel tank of an aircraft for nontaxable uses,
the tax rate is $.001. Report these gallons on the line for IRS
No. 111.
program aircraft, with at least one fractional program aircraft
having more than one owner;
For at least two fractional program aircraft, none of the
•
See Pub. 510 for foreign trade rules.
ownership interests in the aircraft are less than the minimum
fractional ownership interest or held by the program
manager;
Note. Fuel used in a fractional ownership program aircraft is
also subject to a surtax of $.141 per gallon. For more
information, see Surtax on any liquid used in a fractional
Other fuels (IRS No. 79). You are liable for the tax on the
fuels listed below when they are delivered into the fuel supply
tank of a motor vehicle or motorboat (or trains for B-100). Use
the following table to determine the tax for each gallon. Fill in
the number of gallons and the appropriate rate in the Rate
column on the line for IRS No. 79. If more than one rate
applies, leave the Rate column blank and attach a schedule
showing the rates and number of gallons taxed at each rate.
There exists a dry-lease aircraft exchange arrangement
•
among all of the fractional owners; and
There are multi-year program agreements covering the
•
fractional ownership, fractional ownership program
management services, and dry-lease aircraft exchange
aspects of the program.
Fractional program aircraft. Any aircraft that, in any
fractional ownership aircraft program, is listed as a fractional
program aircraft in the management specifications issued to
the manager of such program by the Federal Aviation
Administration under subpart K of part 91, title 14, Code of
Federal Regulations, and is registered in the United States.
Fractional program aircraft aren't considered used for
transportation of a qualified fractional owner, or on account of
such qualified fractional owner, when they are used for flight
demonstration, maintenance, or crew training. In such
situations, the flight isn't commercial aviation. Instead, the tax
on the fuel used in the flight is imposed at the noncommercial
aviation rate.
Fuel
Tax Rate
per Gallon
Qualified—
Ethanol produced from coal
Methanol produced from coal
Partially exempt—
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$.184
.184
Ethanol produced from natural gas
Methanol produced from natural gas
B-100 (100% biodiesel)
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.114
.0925
.244
.184
.184
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Fractional owner. Any person owning any interest
Liquefied gas derived from biomass .
Other fuels not shown .
(including the entire interest) in a fractional program aircraft.
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Dry-lease aircraft exchange. An agreement, documented
by the written program agreements, under which the
fractional program aircraft are available, on an as-needed
basis without crew, to each fractional owner.
Gasoline (IRS No. 62). If you are liable for the gasoline tax
on removal at the terminal rack, report these gallons on
-6-
Instructions for Form 720 (Rev. 12-2023)
Generally, gross combined weight means the weight of a
tractor and the weight of its trailer(s).
Special rule relating to deadhead service. A fractional
program aircraft won't be considered to be used on account
of a qualified fractional owner when it's used in deadhead
service and a person other than a qualified fractional owner is
separately charged for such service.
The tax imposed on parts and accessories sold on or in
connection with the units listed above and the tax imposed
on the separate purchase of parts and accessories for the
units listed above don't apply to an idling reduction device,
described next, or to insulation that has an R value of at least
R35 per inch.
Idling reduction device. Any device or system of devices
that provides the tractor with services, such as heat, air
conditioning, and electricity, without the use of the main drive
engine while the tractor is temporarily parked or stationary.
The device must be affixed to the tractor and determined by
the Administrator of the EPA, in consultation with the
Secretary of Energy and Secretary of Transportation, to
reduce idling while parked or stationary.
More information. See section 4043 for more information
on the surtax.
Aviation gasoline (IRS No. 14). Aviation gasoline is taxed
at the rate shown on Form 720.
Also, a surtax of $.141 per gallon applies on fuel used in
an aircraft which is part of a fractional ownership program.
For further information on fractional ownership program
aircraft, see Surtax on any liquid used in a fractional
Alternative fuel (IRS Nos. 112, 118, and 120–124).
Alternative fuel is any liquid other than gas oil, fuel oil, or any
product taxable under section 4081. You are liable for tax on
alternative fuel delivered into the fuel supply tank of a motor
vehicle or motorboat, or on certain bulk sales. Report the tax
on the line for the IRS No. listed in the following table.
Figure the tax for each vehicle sold and enter the total for
the quarter on the line for IRS No. 33.
Gross vehicle weight. The gross vehicle weight (GVW)
means the maximum total weight of a loaded vehicle.
Generally, this maximum total weight is the GVW rating
provided by the manufacturer or determined by the seller of
the completed article. The seller's GVW rating must be
determined for excise tax purposes on the basis of the
strength of the chassis frame and the axle capacity and
placement. The seller may not take into account any readily
attachable components (such as tires or rim assemblies) in
determining the GVW. See Regulations section
Alternative Fuel
IRS No.
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
“P Series” fuels
112
118
120
121
122
Compressed natural gas (CNG)
Liquefied hydrogen
Fischer-Tropsch process liquid fuel from coal
(including peat)
145.4051-1(e)(3) for more information.
The following four classifications of truck body types meet
the suitable-for-use standard and will be excluded from the
retail excise tax.
Liquid fuel derived from biomass
Liquefied natural gas (LNG)
123
124
Platform truck bodies 21 feet or less in length.
•
Dry freight and refrigerated truck van bodies 24 feet or less
•
For sales or uses after 2015, the following gasoline gallon
equivalent (GGE) or diesel gallon equivalent (DGE) applies.
in length.
Dump truck bodies with load capacities of 8 cubic yards or
•
LPG (includes propane, pentane, or mixtures of those
less.
•
gases), taxed at $.183 per GGE, has a GGE of 5.75 pounds
or 1.353 gallons of LPG.
Refuse packer truck bodies with load capacities of 20
•
cubic yards or less.
LNG, taxed at $.243 per DGE, has a DGE of 6.06 pounds
•
or 1.71 gallons of LNG.
CNG, taxed at $.183 per GGE, has a GGE of 5.66 pounds
•
Section 4051(d) tire credit. A tax credit may be claimed
equal to the amount of tax that has been imposed on each
tire that is sold on or in connection with the first retail sale of a
taxable vehicle reported on IRS No. 33. Claim the section
4051(d) tire credit on Schedule C, line 14a.
or 123.57 cubic feet of CNG.
Example. 10,000 gallons of LNG ÷ 1.71 = 5,848 DGE x
$.243 = $1,421.06 tax.
Retail Tax
Ship Passenger Tax
Truck, Trailer, and Semitrailer Chassis and Bodies,
and Tractors (IRS No. 33)
Transportation by water (IRS No. 29). A tax is imposed on
the operator of commercial ships. The tax is $3 for each
passenger on a commercial passenger ship that has berth or
stateroom accommodations for at least 17 passengers if the
trip is over 1 or more nights. A voyage extends “over 1 or
more nights” if it lasts longer than 24 hours. The tax also
applies to passengers on any commercial ship that transports
passengers engaged in gambling aboard the ship beyond the
territorial waters of the United States. Enter the number of
passengers for the quarter on the line for IRS
The tax is 12% of the sales price on the first retail sale of
each unit. The tax applies to:
Truck chassis and bodies, except truck chassis and bodies
•
suitable for use with a vehicle with a gross vehicle weight
(GVW) of 33,000 pounds or less;
Trailer and semitrailer chassis and bodies, except trailer
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and semitrailer chassis and bodies suitable for use with a
vehicle with a GVW of 26,000 pounds or less; and
No. 29.
Tractors of the kind chiefly used for highway transportation
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Other Excise Tax
in combination with a trailer or semitrailer, except tractors that
have a GVW of 19,500 pounds or less and a gross combined
weight of 33,000 pounds or less.
Obligations not in registered form (IRS No. 31). For
obligations issued during the quarter, enter the principal
-7-
Instructions for Form 720 (Rev. 12-2023)
amount of the obligation multiplied by the number of calendar
years (or portion thereof) during the period beginning on the
issue date and ending on the maturity date on the line for IRS
No. 31.
Surface mined coal (IRS Nos. 38 and 39). The tax on
surface mined coal is the lower of $.55 per ton or 4.4% of the
sales price. Enter on the line for IRS No. 38 the number of
tons of surface mined coal sold at $12.50 or more per ton.
Enter on the line for IRS No. 39 the total sales price for all
sales of surface mined coal sold at a selling price of less than
$12.50 per ton.
Taxable tires (IRS Nos. 108, 109, and 113). A tax is
imposed on taxable tires sold by the manufacturer, producer,
or importer at the rate of $.0945 ($.04725 in the case of a
bias ply tire or super single tire) for each 10 pounds of the
maximum rated load capacity over 3,500 pounds. Figure the
tax for each tire sold in each category as shown in the
following chart and enter the total for the quarter on the line
for IRS No. 108, 109, or 113. Enter the number of tires for
each IRS No.
Foreign Insurance Taxes
Policies issued by foreign insurers (IRS No. 30). Enter
the amount of premiums paid during the quarter on policies
issued by foreign insurers. Multiply the premiums paid by the
rates listed on Form 720 and enter the total for the three
types of insurance on the line for IRS No. 30.
Section 4371(3) tax on foreign reinsurance premiums
no longer applies. The 1% tax doesn’t apply to premiums
paid on a policy of reinsurance issued by one foreign
reinsurer to another foreign insurer or reinsurer, under the
situations described in Rev. Rul. 2008-15, 2008-12 I.R.B.
633. See Rev. Rul. 2016-03, 2016-3 I.R.B. 282, available at
Who must file. The person who pays the premium to the
foreign insurer (or to any nonresident person such as a
foreign broker) must pay the tax and file the return.
Otherwise, any person who issued or sold the policy, or who
is insured under the policy, is required to pay the tax and file
the return.
Treaty-based return positions under section 6114.
Foreign insurers and reinsurers who take the position that a
treaty of the United States overrules, or otherwise modifies,
an Internal Revenue law of the United States must disclose
such position. This disclosure must be made once a year on
a statement which must report the payments of premiums
that are exempt from the excise tax on policies issued by
foreign insurers for the previous calendar year. This
statement is filed with the first quarter Form 720, which is due
before May 1 of each year.
Rate (for each 10
pounds of the
maximum rated load
capacity over 3,500
pounds)
IRS No.
Taxable Tire Category
Taxable tires other than
bias ply or super single
tires
108
109
113
$.0945
.04725
.0945
Taxable tires, bias ply or
super single tires (other
than super single tires
designed for steering)
Taxable tires, super
single tires designed for
steering
A taxable tire is any tire of the type used on highway
vehicles if wholly or partially made of rubber and if marked
according to federal regulations for highway use. A bias ply
tire is a pneumatic tire on which the ply cords that extend to
the beads are laid at alternate angles substantially less than
90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. A super single tire is
a tire greater than 13 inches in cross section width designed
to replace two tires in a dual fitment, but doesn't include any
tire designed for steering.
Gas guzzler tax (IRS No. 40). Use Form 6197, Gas
Guzzler Tax, to figure the liability for this tax. Attach
Form 6197 to Form 720. The tax rates for the gas guzzler tax
are shown on Form 6197.
One-time filing. If you import a gas guzzling automobile,
you may be eligible to make a one-time filing of Form 720 and
Form 6197 if you meet all of the following conditions.
You may be able to use Form 8833, Treaty-Based Return
Position Disclosure Under Section 6114 or 7701(b), as a
disclosure statement.
At the top of Form 720, enter “Section 6114 Treaty.” If you
have no other transactions reportable on Form 720, complete
Form 720 as follows.
1. If this is your final return, check the Final return box.
2. Enter “None” on lines 1 and 3.
3. Sign the return.
You need an EIN to file Form 720. If you don't have an EIN,
see Employer Identification Number (EIN), earlier.
Where to file your treaty-based return positions under
section 6114. All filers should mail Form 720 with the
attached Form 8833 or disclosure statement to the address
Private Delivery Services (PDSs), earlier.
You don't import gas guzzling automobiles in the course of
•
your trade or business.
You aren't required to file Form 720 reporting excise taxes
•
Manufacturers Taxes
for the calendar quarter, except for a one-time filing.
Follow the steps below to make a one-time filing.
Don't include the excise tax on coal in the sales price
when determining which tax rate to use for IRS Nos.
!
1. File Form 720 for the quarter in which you incur liability
CAUTION
36, 37, 38, and 39.
2. Pay the tax with Form 720. No deposits are required.
Underground mined coal (IRS Nos. 36 and 37). The tax
on underground mined coal is the lower of $1.10 per ton or
4.4% of the sales price. Enter on the line for IRS No. 36 the
number of tons of underground mined coal sold at $25 or
more per ton. Enter on the line for IRS No. 37 the total sales
price for all sales of underground mined coal sold at a selling
price of less than $25 per ton.
3. If you are an individual and don't have an EIN, enter
your social security number (SSN) or individual taxpayer
identification number (ITIN) on Form 720 and Form 720-V,
Payment Voucher, in the space for the EIN.
4. Check the one-time filing box on the line for the gas
guzzler tax.
-8-
Instructions for Form 720 (Rev. 12-2023)
the average number of lives covered under a plan for the plan
year.
Vaccine taxes (IRS No. 97). A tax is imposed on the sale or
use of a vaccine manufactured, produced, or entered into the
United States at $.75 per dose if it:
1. Actual count method.
2. Snapshot method.
3. Form 5500 method.
Contains diptheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid, pertussis
•
bacteria, extracted or partial cell bacteria, specific pertussis
antigens, or polio virus;
Is against measles, mumps, rubella, hepatitis A, hepatitis
•
Reporting and paying the fee. File Form 720 annually to
report and pay the fee on the second quarter Form 720 no
later than July 31 of the calendar year immediately following
the last day of the policy year or plan year to which the fee
applies. Because the rate used to determine the fee varies
from year to year, you should determine the fee using the
instructions for the second quarter Form 720. If you file Form
720 only to report the fee, don't file Form 720 for the first,
third, or fourth quarter of the year. If you file Form 720 to
report quarterly excise tax liability for the first, third, or fourth
quarter of the year (for example, filers reporting the foreign
insurance tax (IRS No. 30), don't make an entry on the line for
IRS No. 133 on those filings).
B, chicken pox, rotavirus gastroenteritis, or human
papillomavirus;
Is any HIB (haemophilus influenza type B) vaccine;
Is any meningococcal vaccine;
•
•
•
Is any conjugate vaccine against streptococcus
pneumonia; or
Any trivalent vaccine against seasonal influenza or any
•
other vaccine against seasonal influenza.
The effective date for the tax on any other vaccine against
seasonal influenza is the later of August 1, 2013, or the date
the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human
Services lists a vaccine against seasonal influenza for
purposes of compensation for any vaccine-related injury or
death through the Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund.
If any taxable vaccine is combined with one or more
additional taxable vaccines, then the tax is imposed on each
vaccine included in the combination.
Deposits aren't required for this fee, so issuers and plan
sponsors aren't required to pay the fee using EFTPS.
However, if the fee is paid using EFTPS, the payment should
be applied to the second quarter. See Electronic deposit
Example. MMR contains three taxable vaccines:
measles, mumps, and rubella. The tax per dose on MMR is
$2.25 (3 x $.75).
Report the average number of lives covered in column (a).
Apply the applicable rate ((b) Rate for avg. covered life) and
enter the fee in column (c).
Add the tax for each taxable vaccine and enter the total
Combine the fees for specified health insurance policies
and applicable self-insured health plans and enter the total in
the tax column on the line for IRS No. 133.
More information. For more information, including
methods for calculating the average number of lives covered,
see sections 4375, 4376, and 4377.
tax on the line for IRS No. 97.
Part II
Patient-centered outcomes research (PCOR) fee (IRS
No. 133). The PCOR fee is imposed on issuers of specified
health insurance policies (section 4375) and plan sponsors of
applicable self-insured health plans (section 4376) for policy
and plan years ending on or after October 1, 2012. Generally,
references to taxes on Form 720 include this fee.
Sport fishing equipment (other than fishing rods and
fishing poles) (IRS No. 41). The tax on sport fishing
equipment is 10% of the sales price. The tax is paid by the
manufacturer, producer, or importer. Taxable articles include
reels, fly fishing lines (and other lines not over 130 pounds
test), fishing spears, spear guns, spear tips, terminal tackle,
fishing supplies and accessories, and any parts or
accessories sold on or in connection with these articles. See
Pub. 510 for a complete list of taxable articles. Add the tax on
each sale during the quarter and enter the total on the line for
IRS No. 41.
Fishing rods and fishing poles (IRS No. 110). The tax on
fishing rods and fishing poles (and component parts) taxed at
a rate of 10% will have a maximum tax of $10 per article. The
tax is paid by the manufacturer, producer, or importer. Add
the tax on each sale during the quarter and enter the total on
the line for IRS No. 110.
Electric outboard motors (IRS No. 42). The tax on an
electric outboard motor is 3% of the sales price. The tax is
paid by the manufacturer, producer, or importer. Add the tax
on each sale during the quarter and enter the total on the line
for IRS No. 42.
Fishing tackle boxes (IRS No. 114). The tax on fishing
tackle boxes is 3% of the sales price. The tax is paid by the
manufacturer, producer, or importer. Add the tax on each sale
during the quarter and enter the total on the line for IRS No.
114.
Specified health insurance policies. For issuers of
specified health insurance policies, the fee for a policy year
ending on or after October 1, 2022, but before October 1,
2023, is $3.00 (line 133(b)) ($2.79 for a policy year ending on
or after October 1, 2021, but before October 1, 2022
(line 133(a)), multiplied by the average number of lives
covered under the policy for that policy year. Generally,
issuers of specified health insurance policies must use one of
the following four alternative methods to determine the
average number of lives covered under a policy for the policy
year.
1. The actual count method.
2. The snapshot method.
3. The member months method.
4. The state form method.
Applicable self-insured health plans. For plan sponsors
of applicable self-insured health plans, the fee for a plan year
ending on or after October 1, 2022, but before October 1,
2023, is $3.00 (line 133(d)) ($2.79 for a policy year ending on
or after October 1, 2021, but before October 1, 2022
(line 133(c)), multiplied by the average number of lives
covered under the plan for that plan year. Generally, plan
sponsors of applicable self-insured health plans must use
one of the following three alternative methods to determine
Bows, quivers, broadheads, and points (IRS No. 44).
The tax on bows is 11% of the sales price. The tax is paid by
-9-
Instructions for Form 720 (Rev. 12-2023)
the manufacturer, producer, or importer. It applies to bows
having a peak draw weight of 30 pounds or more. The tax is
also imposed on the sale of any part or accessory suitable for
inclusion in or attachment to a taxable bow and any quiver,
broadhead, or point suitable for use with arrows described
below. Add the tax on each sale during the quarter and enter
the total on the line for IRS No. 44.
Arrow shafts (IRS No. 106). The tax on arrow shafts is
increased to $.59 per arrow shaft. The tax is paid by the
manufacturer, producer, or importer of any arrow shaft
(whether sold separately or incorporated as part of a finished
or unfinished product) of a type used in the manufacture of
any arrow which after its assembly meets either of the
following conditions.
The inland waterways fuel use tax applies at the rate
listed on Form 720. This is in addition to all other
taxes imposed on the sale or use of the fuel.
!
CAUTION
Leaking underground storage tank (LUST) tax on inland
waterways fuel use (IRS No. 125). The LUST tax must be
paid on any liquid fuel used on inland waterways that isn't
subject to LUST tax under section 4041(d) or 4081. For
example, gallons of Bunker C residual fuel oil must be
reported under both IRS Nos. 64 and 125.
Section 40 fuels (IRS No. 51). An excise tax is imposed
(recaptured) if you claim the second generation biofuel
producer credit and you don't use the fuel for the purposes
described under Qualified Second Generation Biofuel
Production in the Instructions for Form 6478, Biofuel
Producer Credit. When recapturing, you must pay a tax on
each gallon of second generation biofuel at the rate you used
to figure the credit.
It measures 18 inches or more in overall length.
•
It measures less than 18 inches in overall length but is
•
suitable for use with a taxable bow, described earlier.
Exemption for certain wooden arrows. The tax doesn't
apply to any shaft made of all natural wood with no
laminations or artificial means of enhancing the spine of such
shaft (whether sold separately or incorporated as part of a
finished or unfinished product) and used in the manufacture
of any arrow which after its assembly meets both of the
following conditions.
The tax rate for second generation biofuel is $1.01 per
gallon. Fill in the number of gallons and the appropriate rate
in the Rate column on the line for IRS No. 51.
Biodiesel sold as, but not used as, fuel (IRS No. 117).
You must pay a tax (recapture) on each gallon of biodiesel or
renewable diesel on which a credit was claimed at the rate
used to figure the credit if you:
It measures 5/16 of an inch or less in diameter.
•
It isn't suitable for use with a taxable bow, described
•
Use it (including a mixture) other than as a fuel;
Buy it at retail and use it to create a mixture;
Separate it from a mixture; or
•
•
•
•
earlier.
Add the tax on each sale during the quarter and enter the
total on the line for IRS No. 106.
Use agri-biodiesel on which the small agri-biodiesel
producer credit was claimed for a use not described under
Qualified Agri-Biodiesel Production in the Instructions for
Form 8864, Biodiesel, Renewable Diesel, or Sustainable
Aviation Fuels Credit.
Indoor Tanning Services Tax
Indoor tanning services (IRS No. 140). The tax on indoor
tanning service is 10% of the amount paid for that service.
The tax is paid by the person paying for the indoor tanning
service and is collected by the person receiving payment for
the indoor tanning services.
Who must file. The person receiving the payment for indoor
tanning services (collector) must collect and remit the tax and
file the return. If the tax isn't collected for any reason, the
collector is liable for the tax.
The tax is $1.00 per gallon of biodiesel, agri-biodiesel, and
renewable diesel. An additional $.10 is added if the
agri-biodiesel benefited from the small agri-biodiesel
producer credit. Fill in the number of gallons and the
appropriate rate in the Rate column on the line for IRS No.
117. If more than one rate applies, leave the Rate column
blank and attach a schedule showing the rates and number
of gallons taxed at each rate.
Definition of indoor tanning services. Indoor tanning
service means a service employing any electronic product
designed to incorporate one or more ultraviolet lamps and
intended for the irradiation of an individual by ultraviolet
radiation, with wavelengths in air between 200 and 400
nanometers, to induce skin tanning. The term doesn't include
phototherapy service performed by, and on the premises of, a
licensed medical professional (such as a dermatologist,
psychologist, or registered nurse). See Regulations section
49.5000B-1 for more information and special rules for
qualified physical fitness facilities, undesignated payment
cards, and bundled payments.
Floor Stocks Tax
Ozone-depleting chemicals floor stocks tax (IRS No.
20). Use Form 6627 to figure the liability for this tax. Enter
the amount from Form 6627, Part IV, line 4, column (d), on
the line for IRS No. 20. Attach Form 6627 to the Form 720
that is due July 31 of each year.
Excise Tax on Repurchase of Corporate Stock
IRS No. 150. No regulations have been issued requiring the
reporting, nor payment, of this tax. Don’t report a liability on
the line for IRS No. 150 until further notice. See
Enter the amount of indoor tanning services tax collected
(or due for failing to collect the tax) for the quarter on the line
for IRS No. 140.
Sales of Designated Drugs During Statutory
Periods
Other Part II Taxes
Inland waterways fuel use tax (IRS No. 64). If you are
liable for the inland waterways fuel use tax, report the number
of gallons subject to tax on the line for IRS No. 64. Certain
fuels must also be reported under IRS No. 125 (discussed
next).
IRS No. 142. IRS No. 142. Section 5000D imposes an
excise tax on the sale by the manufacturer, producer, or
importer of any designated drug during a day that falls within
a period described in section 5000D(b). Under proposed
-10-
Instructions for Form 720 (Rev. 12-2023)
be required to report any section 5000D drug tax liability on
your Form 720.
Additional Deposit of Taxes in September 2023
For the period
These proposed regulations, once adopted as final
regulations in a Treasury Decision (TD) published in the
Federal Register, will apply to calendar quarters beginning on
or after October 1, 2023. You may rely on these proposed
regulations for your returns beginning on October 1, 2023
(4th quarter), and before the date the TD is published.
Since the TD may not be published timely by the January
31, 2024, due date of your 4th quarter return, you may be
required to file Form 720-X, Amended Quarterly Federal
Excise Tax Return, once the TD is published to report
revisions to your originally reported section 5000D liability.
Type of Tax
Beginning on
Ending on
Due Date
Regular
method taxes
Alternative
Sept. 16
Sept. 26
Sept. 29
method taxes
(IRS Nos. 22,
26, 27, and 28)
(based on
Sept. 1
Sept. 11
Sept. 29
amounts billed)
Using the regular method: For the remaining days in
September (27–30), make your deposits by the 14th
day of October. Using the alternative method: For the
Part III
!
CAUTION
Line 4. Report on Form 720, line 4, the total claims from
remaining days in September (12–30), please see Pub. 509
for deposit dates.
Line 6. Include on line 6 the amount from line 11 of your
previous return that you applied to this return and the amount
from Form 720-X, line 5b.
How To Make Deposits
To avoid a penalty, make your deposits timely and don't mail
your deposits directly to the IRS. Records of your deposits
will be sent to the IRS for crediting to your accounts.
Note. Include on line 6 of your next return the amount from
line 11 you want to have applied to that return.
Electronic deposit requirement. You must deposit all
depository taxes (such as excise tax, employment tax, or
corporate income tax) by electronic funds transfer.
Depositing on time. For EFTPS deposits to be on time,
you must initiate the transaction at least 1 day before the date
the deposit is due (before 8:00 p.m. Eastern time).
If a deposit is due on a day that isn't a business day or
“legal holiday” means any legal holiday in the District of
Columbia.
If you owe other federal tax, interest, or penalty, the
overpayment on line 11 and line 7 will first be applied
!
CAUTION
to the unpaid amounts.
Line 10. If line 3 is more than line 9, enter the difference on
line 10. You don't have to pay if line 10 is under $1.00.
You may pay the amount shown on line 10 by EFTPS,
check or money order, or, if filing electronically, electronic
funds withdrawal (direct debit). If you pay by EFTPS or direct
debit, don't file Form 720-V.
If you don't deposit as required and, instead, pay the
Same-day wire payment option. If you fail to submit a
deposit transaction on EFTPS by 8:00 p.m. Eastern time the
day before the date a deposit is due, you can still make your
deposit on time by using the Federal Tax Collection Service
(FTCS). To use the same-day wire payment method, you will
need to make arrangements with your financial institution
ahead of time. Please check with your financial institution
regarding availability, deadlines, and costs. Your financial
institution may charge you a fee for payments made this way.
To learn more about the information you will need to provide
your financial institution to make a same-day wire payment,
taxes with Form 720, you may be subject to a penalty.
!
CAUTION
Payment of Taxes
Generally, semimonthly deposits of excise taxes are required.
A semimonthly period is the first 15 days of a month (the
first semimonthly period) or the 16th through the last day of a
month (the second semimonthly period).
However, no deposit is required for the situations listed
below. The taxes are payable with the return.
The net liability for taxes listed on Form 720, Part I, doesn't
•
You will automatically be enrolled in EFTPS when you
exceed $2,500 for the quarter.
The gas guzzler tax is being paid on a one-time filing. See
apply for an EIN. You will receive a separate mailing
containing instructions for activating your EFTPS
TIP
•
Gas guzzler tax (IRS No. 40), earlier.
enrollment after you receive your EIN.
The PCOR fee is being paid with a second quarter Form
•
(IRS No. 133), earlier.
When To Make Deposits
There are two methods for determining deposits: the regular
method and the alternative method.
The liability is for taxes listed on Form 720, Part II, except
•
the floor stocks tax, which generally requires a single deposit.
Special rule for deposits of taxes in September 2023. If
you are required to make deposits, see the chart below. The
special rule doesn't apply to taxes not required to be
sections 40.6302(c)-2 and 40.6302(c)-3 for rules to figure the
net tax liability for the deposits due in September.
The regular method applies to all taxes on Form 720, Part
I, except for communications and air transportation taxes if
deposits are based on amounts billed or tickets sold, rather
than on amounts actually collected. See Alternative method
(IRS Nos. 22, 26, 27, and 28), below.
If you are depositing more than one tax under a method,
combine all the taxes under the method and make one
deposit for the semimonthly period.
-11-
Instructions for Form 720 (Rev. 12-2023)
Safe Harbor Rule
Regular method. The deposit of tax for a semimonthly
period is due by the 14th day following that period. Generally,
this is the 29th day of a month for the first semimonthly period
and the 14th day of the following month for the second
semimonthly period. If the 14th or the 29th day falls on a
Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday, you must make the
deposit by the immediately preceding day that isn't a
Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday.
Alternative method (IRS Nos. 22, 26, 27, and 28).
Deposits of communications and air transportation taxes may
be based on taxes included in amounts billed or tickets sold
during a semimonthly period instead of on taxes actually
collected during the period. Under the alternative method, the
tax included in amounts billed or tickets sold during a
semimonthly period is considered collected during the first 7
days of the second following semimonthly period. The
deposit of tax is due by the third business day after the
seventh day of that period.
The safe harbor rule applies separately to deposits under the
regular method and the alternative method. Persons who
filed Form 720 for the lookback quarter (the second calendar
quarter preceding the current quarter) are considered to
meet the semimonthly deposit requirement if the deposit for
each semimonthly period in the current quarter is at least 1/6
(16.67%) of the net tax liability reported for the lookback
quarter.
For the semimonthly period for which the additional
deposit is required (September 1–11 and 16–26), the
additional deposit must be at least 11/90 (12.23%) of the net
tax liability reported for the lookback quarter. Also, the total
deposit for that semimonthly period must be at least 1/6
(16.67%) of the net tax liability reported for the lookback
quarter.
Exceptions. The safe harbor rule doesn't apply to the
following quarters.
Example. The tax included in amounts billed or tickets
sold for the period June 16–30, 2023, is considered collected
from July 16–22, 2023, and must be deposited by July 26,
2023.
The first and second quarters beginning on or after the
•
effective date of an increase in the rate of tax unless the
deposit of taxes for each semimonthly period in the calendar
quarter is at least 1/6 (16.67%) of the tax liability you would
have had for the lookback quarter if the increased rate of tax
had been in effect for that lookback quarter.
To use the alternative method, you must keep separate
accounts of the tax included in amounts billed or tickets sold
during the month and report on Form 720 the tax included in
amounts billed or tickets sold and not the amount of tax that
is actually collected. For example, amounts billed in
Any quarter if liability includes any tax not in effect
•
throughout the lookback quarter.
December, January, and February are considered collected
during January, February, and March and are reported on
Form 720 as the tax for the first quarter of the calendar year.
For deposits under the alternative method, any quarter if
•
liability includes any tax not in effect throughout the lookback
quarter and the month preceding the lookback quarter.
The separate account for each month must reflect:
Requirements to be met. For the safe harbor rule to apply,
you must pay any underpayment for the current quarter by
the due date of the return and check the box on line 5 of Form
720.
1. All items of tax included in amounts billed or tickets
sold during the month, and
2. Other items of adjustment relating to tax for prior
months (within the statute of limitations on credits or refunds).
The IRS may withdraw the right to make deposits of
tax using the safe harbor rule from any person not
!
The separate account for any month can't include an
adjustment resulting from a refusal to pay or inability to
collect unless the refusal has been reported to the IRS. See
CAUTION
complying with these rules.
Online Payment Agreement
If you can't pay the full amount of tax owed, you can apply for
an installment agreement online. You can apply for an
installment agreement online if the total amount you owe in
combined tax, penalties, and interest is $25,000 ($50,000 for
individuals) or less, and you've filed all required returns. To
apply using the Online Payment Agreement Application, go to
The net tax liability that is considered collected during the
semimonthly period must be either:
The net amount of tax reflected in the separate account for
•
the corresponding semimonthly period of the preceding
month, or
One-half of the net amount of tax reflected in the separate
•
account for the preceding month.
Schedule A. Excise Tax Liability
How to complete. Complete Schedule A to record net tax
liabilities for Form 720, Part I, taxes for each semimonthly
period in a quarter even if your net liability is under $2,500.
Amount To Deposit
Deposits of taxes for a semimonthly period must be at least
95% of the amount of net tax liability for that period, unless
The following table will help you determine which boxes to
The net tax liability for a semimonthly period is the total
liability for the period minus any claims allowed on
complete on Schedule A.
Schedule C for the period. Net tax liability for a semimonthly
period may be figured by dividing the net tax liability for the
month by 2, provided this method of computation is used for
all semimonthly periods in the calendar quarter.
IF you are reporting
under the...
THEN you report
on line...
AND enter the net
tax liability in
boxes...
regular method
alternative method
1
2
A–G.
M–S.
The net tax liability for a semimonthly period isn't
reduced by any amounts from Form 720-X.
!
CAUTION
If you are reporting more than one type of tax on
lines 1 and 2:
-12-
Instructions for Form 720 (Rev. 12-2023)
1. Add the net tax liability for each tax for each
semimonthly period, and
Schedule C. Claims
2. Enter the total in the applicable box.
Complete all information requested for each line, including
Month your income tax year ends and Period of claim. Enter
the month as “MM.” Enter the period of claim as “MM/DD/
YYYY – MM/DD/YYYY.” Your claim will be disallowed if you
don't follow the required procedures or don't provide all the
required information. Also, you are certifying to the applicable
statement(s) on Schedule C when you make a claim. See
Pub. 510 for more information.
Additional rules. Report communications and air
transportation taxes based on:
Actual collections on line 1, or
•
Amounts billed or tickets sold on line 2. The amount of tax
•
to report for a semimonthly period is the net amount that is
considered collected during that period.
Example. Under the alternative method, the amounts
billed for communications services from June 1–15, 2023,
are considered collected during the period July 1–7, 2023,
and are reported for the third quarter of 2023 on Schedule A
in box M, not the first quarter of 2023.
You must include in gross income (income tax return)
the amount from line 4 of Form 720 if you took a
!
CAUTION
deduction on the income tax return that included the
amount of the taxes and that deduction reduced the income
tax liability. See Pub. 510 for more information.
Reporting tax liability under the special September rule.
An additional reporting is required under the special
September rule as follows.
Don't use Schedule C:
If you aren't reporting a liability on Form 720, Part I or Part
•
II;
•
Regular method taxes
Enter the liability for the period beginning
September 26/27 and ending September 30
in box F.
For amounts you will claim or have claimed on Form 4136,
Credit for Federal Tax Paid on Fuels, or as a refund on Form
8849, Claim for Refund of Excise Taxes, and its separate
schedules;
Alternative method taxes
Enter the tax included in the amounts billed
or tickets sold for the period beginning
September 11/12 and ending September 15
in box M of the fourth quarter return. Enter
the tax included in amounts billed or tickets
sold during the period beginning September
16 and ending September 30 in box N of the
fourth quarter return.
To make adjustments to liability reported on Forms 720
•
filed for prior quarters (instead, use Form 720-X);
If you are seeking a refund of the surtax on any liquid used
•
in a fractional ownership program aircraft as fuel (IRS No. 13)
(instead, use Form 720-X); or
To request an abatement or refund of interest under
•
section 6404(e) (due to IRS errors or delays) or an
abatement or refund of a penalty or addition to tax under
section 6404(f) (due to erroneous IRS written advice).
Instead, use Form 843, Claim for Refund and Request for
Abatement. Also, use Form 843 to request a refund of the
penalty under section 6715 for misuse of dyed fuel.
Schedule T. Two-Party Exchange
Information Reporting
In a two-party exchange, the receiving person, not the
delivering person, is liable for the tax imposed on the removal
of taxable fuel from the terminal at the terminal rack. A
two-party exchange means a transaction (other than a sale)
where the delivering person and receiving person are both
taxable fuel registrants and all of the following occur.
Type of Use Table
The following table lists the nontaxable uses of fuels. You
must enter the number from the table in the Type of use
column as required.
The transaction includes a transfer from the delivering
•
person, who holds the inventory position for the taxable fuel
in the terminal as reflected in the records of the terminal
operator.
The exchange transaction occurs before or at the same
•
time as completion of removal across the rack by the
receiving person.
The terminal operator in its records treats the receiving
•
person as the person that removes the product across the
terminal rack for purposes of reporting the transaction on
Form 720-TO, Terminal Operator Report.
The transaction is the subject of a written contract.
•
Information reporting. Schedule T is used to report gallons
of taxable fuel:
Received in a two-party exchange within a terminal—these
•
gallons must also be included on the appropriate line on
Form 720, page 1; or
Delivered in a two-party exchange with a removal across
•
the rack.
Enter all gallons of fuel received or delivered in a two-party
exchange within a terminal for the applicable fuel.
-13-
Instructions for Form 720 (Rev. 12-2023)
A certificate of lading signed by a customs officer of the
•
No.
Type of use
On a farm for farming purposes
foreign country to which the fuel is exported, or
1
2
A statement of the foreign consignee showing receipt of
•
the fuel.
Off-highway business use (for business use other than in a
highway vehicle registered or required to be registered for
highway use) (other than use in mobile machinery)
Line 1. Nontaxable Use of Gasoline
3
4
5
6
7
Export
Allowable uses. The gasoline must have been used during
In a boat engaged in commercial fishing
In certain intercity and local buses
In a qualified local bus
the period of claim for type of use 2, 4, 5, 7, or 12. For
use 2 doesn't include any personal use or use in a motorboat.
In a bus transporting students and employees of schools
(school buses)
Line 2. Nontaxable Use of Aviation Gasoline
Allowable uses. For line 2b, the aviation gasoline must have
been used during the period of claim for type of use 9, 10, or
earlier.
8
For diesel and kerosene (other than kerosene used in
aviation) used other than as a fuel in the propulsion engine
of a train or diesel-powered highway vehicle (but not
off-highway business use)
For line 2d, the aviation gasoline must have been used
during the period of claim for type of use 9. This claim is
made in addition to the claim made on line 2b for type of
use 9.
9
In foreign trade
10
11
12
Certain helicopter and fixed-wing aircraft uses
Exclusive use by a qualified blood collector organization
In a highway vehicle owned by the United States that isn't
used on a highway
Line 3. Nontaxable Use of Undyed Diesel
13
14
Exclusive use by a nonprofit educational organization
Ultimate purchasers use line 3d to make claims for
diesel used on a farm for farming purposes.
Exclusive use by a state, political subdivision of a state, or
the District of Columbia
!
CAUTION
15
16
In an aircraft or vehicle owned by an aircraft museum
In military aircraft
Allowable uses. For line 3a, the diesel must have been
used during the period of claim for type of use 2, 6, 7, 8, or
earlier. Type of use 2 doesn't include any personal use or use
in a motorboat. Type of use 8 includes use as heating oil and
use in a motorboat.
Claim requirements for lines 1–6 and lines 14b–14d.
The following requirements must be met.
Line 4. Nontaxable Use of Undyed Kerosene
(Other Than Kerosene Used in Aviation)
Allowable uses. For line 4a, the kerosene must have been
used during the period of claim for type of use 2, 6, 7, 8, or
12. For exported undyed kerosene, see Exported taxable
or use in a motorboat. Type of use 8 includes use as heating
oil and use in a motorboat.
1. The amount of the claim must be at least $750
(combining amounts on lines 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 14b, 14c, and
14d). This amount may be met by:
a. Making a claim for fuel used during any quarter of a
claimant's income tax year, or
b. Aggregating amounts from any quarters of the
claimant's income tax year for which no other claim has been
made.
2. Claims must be filed during the first quarter following
the last quarter of the claimant's income tax year included in
the claim. For example, a calendar year income taxpayer's
claim for the first quarter is due June 30 if filed on Form 8849.
However, Form 720 must be filed by April 30.
For lines 4e and 4f, the kerosene must have been used
during the period of claim for type of use 2.
Line 5. Kerosene Used in Aviation
Claimant. For lines 5a and 5b, the ultimate purchaser of
kerosene used in commercial aviation (other than foreign
trade) is eligible to make this claim. For lines 5c, 5d, and 5e,
the ultimate purchaser of kerosene used in noncommercial
aviation (except for nonexempt, noncommercial aviation and
exclusive use by a state, political subdivision of a state, or the
District of Columbia) is eligible to make this claim. Claimant
certifies that the right to make the claim hasn't been waived.
Allowable uses. For lines 5a and 5b, the kerosene must
have been used during the period of claim in commercial
aviation. If the claimant buys kerosene partly for use in
commercial aviation and partly for use in noncommercial
aviation, see the rules in Notice 2005-80, section 3(e)(3).
3. Only one claim may be filed for any quarter.
4. The fuel must have been used for a nontaxable use
during the period of claim.
5. The ultimate purchaser is the only person eligible to
make the claim.
later.
Exported taxable fuel. The claim rates for exported
taxable fuel are listed on lines 1b, 2c, 3e, and 4d, and in the
instructions for lines 14b and 14c. Taxpayers making a claim
for exported taxable fuel must include with their records proof
of exportation. Proof of exportation includes:
For lines 5c and 5d, the kerosene must have been used
during the period of claim for type of use 1, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15,
or 16.
A copy of the export bill of lading issued by the delivering
•
carrier,
A certificate by the agent or representative of the export
•
For line 5e, the kerosene must have been used during the
carrier showing actual exportation of the fuel,
period of claim for type of use 9. This claim is made in
-14-
Instructions for Form 720 (Rev. 12-2023)
addition to the claim made on lines 5c and 5d for type of use
9.
2. The amount of the claim must be at least $200. To
meet this minimum requirement, amounts from lines 7, 8, and
9 may be combined.
3. Claims must be filed by the last day of the first quarter
following the earliest quarter of the claimant's income tax
year included in the claim. For example, a calendar year
income taxpayer's claim for the first quarter is due June 30 if
filed on Form 8849. However, Form 720 must be filed by April
30.
Line 6. Nontaxable Use of Alternative Fuel
Claimant. The ultimate purchaser of the taxed alternative
fuel is the only person eligible to make this claim.
Allowable uses. The alternative fuel must have been used
during the period of claim for type of use 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 11,
13, 14, or 15.
Type of use 5. Enter “Bus” in the space to the left of the
Type of use column. Enter the correct claim rate in the Rate
column. The claim rates for type of use 5 are listed below.
later.
Registration number. Enter your UV registration number in
the space provided.
Line number
Claim rate: Type of use 5
Information to be submitted. For claims on line 7a, attach
a separate sheet with the name and TIN of each
governmental unit to whom the diesel was sold and the
number of gallons sold to each.
6a
6b
6c
6d
6e
6f
$.109*
.110
.109**
.110
Line 7b. Sales by Registered Ultimate Vendors
of Undyed Diesel for Use in Certain Intercity and
Local Buses
.17
.17
6g
6h
.169***
.110
Claimant. For line 7b, the registered ultimate vendor of the
diesel is eligible to make a claim only if the buyer waives their
right to make the claim by providing the registered ultimate
vendor with an unexpired waiver. See Model Waiver N in Pub.
510. Only one claim may be filed for any gallon of diesel.
* This is the claim rate per GGE (5.75 pounds or 1.353 gallons of LPG).
** This is the claim rate per GGE (5.66 pounds or 123.57 cubic feet of CNG).
*** This is the claim rate per DGE (6.06 pounds or 1.71 gallons of LNG).
Claim requirements. The following requirements must be
met.
Type of use 5 example. 10,000 gallons of LPG ÷ 1.353 =
1. The claim must be for diesel sold during a period that
is at least 1 week. This requirement will generally be met for
quarterly claims filed on Form 720.
2. The amount of the claim must be at least $200. To
meet this minimum requirement, amounts from lines 7, 8, and
9 may be combined.
3. Claims must be filed by the last day of the first quarter
following the earliest quarter of the claimant's income tax
year included in the claim. For example, a calendar year
income taxpayer's claim for the first quarter is due June 30 if
filed on Form 8849. However, Form 720 must be filed by April
30.
7,391 GGE x $.109 = $805.62 claim amount.
Information for Claims on Lines 7–11
Registration number. To make an ultimate vendor claim on
lines 7–11, you must be registered. Enter your registration
number, including the prefix (for prefixes, see the instructions
for Form 637, Application for Registration), on the applicable
line for your claim. If you aren't registered, use Form 637 to
apply for a registration number.
Required certificates or waivers. The required certificates
or waivers for lines 7–11 are listed in the line instructions and
are available in Pub. 510.
later.
Line 7a. Sales by Registered Ultimate Vendors
of Undyed Diesel
Claimant. For line 7a, the registered ultimate vendor of the
diesel is the only person eligible to make this claim and has
obtained the required certificate from the buyer and has no
reason to believe any information in the certificate is false.
See Model Certificate P in Pub. 510. Only one claim may be
filed for any gallon of diesel.
Allowable sales. The fuel must have been sold during the
period of claim for the exclusive use by a state or local
government (including essential government use by an Indian
tribal government).
Registration number. Enter your UB registration number in
the space provided.
Lines 8a and 8b. Sales by Registered Ultimate
Vendors of Undyed Kerosene (Other Than
Kerosene Sold for Use in Aviation)
Claimant. For line 8a, the registered ultimate vendor of the
kerosene is the only person eligible to make this claim and
has obtained the required certificate from the buyer and has
no reason to believe any information in the certificate is false.
See Model Certificate P in Pub. 510. For line 8b, claimant has
a statement, if required, that contains the date of sale, the
name and address of the buyer, and the number of gallons of
kerosene sold to the buyer. For lines 8a and 8b, only one
claim may be filed for any gallon of kerosene.
Claim requirements. The following requirements must be
met.
1. The claim must be for diesel sold during a period that
is at least 1 week. This requirement will generally be met for
quarterly claims filed on Form 720.
Allowable sales. The fuel must have been sold during the
period of claim:
-15-
Instructions for Form 720 (Rev. 12-2023)
For line 8a, use by a state or local government (including
claim only if the buyer waives their right by providing the
registered ultimate vendor with an unexpired waiver. See
Model Waiver L in Pub. 510. Only one claim may be filed for
any gallon of kerosene sold for use in commercial aviation.
Allowable sales. The kerosene sold for use in commercial
aviation must have been sold during the period of claim for
use in commercial aviation (other than foreign trade).
•
essential government use by an Indian tribal government); or
For line 8b, from a blocked pump.
•
Claim requirements. The following requirements must be
met.
1. The claim must be for kerosene sold during a period
that is at least 1 week. This requirement will generally be met
for quarterly claims filed on Form 720.
2. The amount of the claim must be at least $100. To
meet this minimum, amounts from lines 8 and 9 may be
combined.
3. Claims must be filed by the last day of the first quarter
following the earliest quarter of the claimant's income tax
year included in the claim. For example, a calendar year
income taxpayer's claim for the first quarter is due June 30 if
filed on Form 8849. However, Form 720 must be filed by April
30.
Claim requirements. The following requirements must be
met.
1. The claim must be for kerosene sold for use in
commercial aviation during a period that is at least 1 week.
This requirement will generally be met for quarterly claims
filed on Form 720.
2. The amount of the claim must be at least $100. To
meet this minimum, amounts from lines 8 and 9 may be
combined.
3. Claims must be filed by the last day of the first quarter
following the earliest quarter of the claimant's income tax
year included in the claim. For example, a calendar year
income taxpayer's claim for the first quarter is due June 30 if
filed on Form 8849. However, Form 720 must be filed by April
30.
later.
Registration number. Enter your UV or UP registration
number in the space provided.
Information to be submitted. For claims on line 8a, attach
a separate sheet with the name and TIN of each
governmental unit to whom the kerosene was sold and the
number of gallons sold to each.
later.
Registration number. Enter your UA registration number in
the space provided.
Line 8c. Sales by Registered Ultimate Vendors
of Undyed Kerosene for Use in Certain Intercity
and Local Buses
Claimant. For line 8c, the registered ultimate vendor of the
kerosene is eligible to make a claim only if the buyer waives
their right to make the claim by providing the registered
ultimate vendor with an unexpired waiver. See Model Waiver
N in Pub. 510. Only one claim may be filed for any gallon of
kerosene.
Lines 9c, 9d, 9e, and 9f. Sales by Registered
Ultimate Vendors of Kerosene Sold for Use in
Noncommercial Aviation
Claimant. For line 9c, the registered ultimate vendor of the
kerosene sold for use in nonexempt, noncommercial aviation
is the only person eligible to make this claim, and the
registered ultimate vendor has obtained the required
certificate from the ultimate purchaser. See Model Certificate
Q in Pub. 510. For lines 9d, 9e, and 9f, the registered ultimate
vendor of the kerosene sold for nontaxable use in
Claim requirements. The following requirements must be
met.
noncommercial aviation (foreign trade for line 9f) is eligible to
make this claim only if the buyer waives their right to make
the claim by providing the registered ultimate vendor with an
unexpired waiver. See Model Waiver L in Pub. 510. For type
of use 14, see Model Certificate P in Pub. 510. Only one
claim may be filed for any gallon of kerosene sold for use in
noncommercial aviation.
1. The claim must be for kerosene sold during a period
that is at least 1 week. This requirement will generally be met
for quarterly claims filed on Form 720.
2. The amount of the claim must be at least $100. To
meet this minimum, amounts from lines 8 and 9 may be
combined.
3. Claims must be filed by the last day of the first quarter
following the earliest quarter of the claimant's income tax
year included in the claim. For example, a calendar year
income taxpayer's claim for the first quarter is due June 30 if
filed on Form 8849. However, Form 720 must be filed by April
30.
Allowable sales. For line 9c, the kerosene must have been
sold for a nonexempt use in noncommercial aviation. For
lines 9d and 9e, the kerosene sold for use in noncommercial
aviation must have been sold during the period of claim for
type of use 1, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, or 16.
For line 9f, the kerosene sold for use in noncommercial
aviation must have been sold during the period of claim for
type of use 9. This claim is made in addition to the claim
made on lines 9d and 9e for type of use 9.
later.
Registration number. Enter your UB registration number in
Claim requirements. The following requirements must be
the space provided.
met.
Lines 9a and 9b. Sales by Registered Ultimate
Vendors of Kerosene for Use in Commercial
Aviation (Other Than Foreign Trade)
1. The claim must be for kerosene sold for use in
noncommercial aviation during a period that is at least 1
week. This requirement will generally be met for quarterly
claims filed on Form 720.
Claimant. The registered ultimate vendor of the kerosene
sold for use in commercial aviation is eligible to make this
-16-
Instructions for Form 720 (Rev. 12-2023)
2. The amount of the claim must be at least $100. To
meet this minimum, amounts from lines 8 and 9 may be
combined.
3. Claims must be filed by the last day of the first quarter
following the earliest quarter of the claimant's income tax
year included in the claim. For example, a calendar year
income taxpayer's claim for the first quarter is due June 30 if
filed on Form 8849. However, Form 720 must be filed by April
30.
make this claim. The credit is based on the gallons of
biodiesel or renewable diesel in the mixture.
How to claim the credit. Any biodiesel or renewable diesel
mixture credit must first be claimed on Form 720,
Schedule C, to reduce your taxable fuel liability reported on
Form 720. Any excess credit may be claimed on Form 720,
Schedule C; Schedule 3 (Form 8849); Form 4136; or Form
8864. See Notice 2005-4 and item 4 below for more
information. Only one credit may be taken for each amount of
biodiesel or renewable diesel. If you claimed (or will claim) an
amount of biodiesel or renewable diesel on Form 8864, Form
8849, or Form 4136 for a credit or payment, then you can't
make a claim on Form 720 for that same amount of biodiesel
or renewable diesel.
later.
Registration number. Enter your UA (UV if type of use 14)
registration number in the space provided.
The biodiesel mixture credit may not be claimed for
biodiesel produced outside the United States for use as a
fuel outside the United States. The United States includes
any territory of the United States. Requirements 1 and 2 must
be met only if the credit exceeds the amount of taxable fuel
liability reported. If requirements 1 and 2 below are not met,
be met for all claims.
1. The claim must be for a biodiesel or renewable diesel
mixture sold or used during a period that is at least 1 week.
This requirement will generally be met for quarterly claims
filed on Form 720.
Information to be submitted. For claims on lines 9d and
9e (type of use 14), attach a separate sheet with the name
and TIN of each governmental unit to whom the kerosene
was sold and the number of gallons sold to each.
Lines 10 and 11. Sales by Registered Ultimate
Vendors of Gasoline and Aviation Gasoline
Claimant. The registered ultimate vendor of the gasoline or
aviation gasoline is eligible to make a claim on lines 10 and
11 if the buyer waives their right to make the claim by
providing the registered ultimate vendor with an unexpired
certificate. See Model Certificate M in Pub. 510. Only one
claim may be filed for any gallon of gasoline or aviation
gasoline.
2. The amount of the claim must be at least $200. To
meet this minimum, amounts from lines 12 and 13 may be
combined.
Allowable sales. The gasoline or aviation gasoline must
3. The biodiesel used to produce the biodiesel mixture
must meet ASTM D6751 and meet the EPA’s registration
requirements for fuels and fuel additives under section 211 of
the Clean Air Act. The renewable diesel used to produce the
renewable diesel mixture must be derived from biomass,
meet ASTM D975, D396, or other equivalent standard
approved by the IRS, and meet the EPA’s registration
requirements for fuels and fuel additives under section 211 of
the Clean Air Act.
4. The Certificate for Biodiesel and, if applicable,
Statement of Biodiesel Reseller must be attached to the first
claim filed that is supported by the certificate or statement.
For the renewable diesel mixture credit, you must edit the
certificate and, if applicable, statement to indicate that the
fuel to which the certificate and statement relate is renewable
diesel and state that the renewable diesel meets the
requirements discussed above under requirement 3. See
Model Certificate O and Model Statement S in Pub. 510. If
the certificate and statement aren’t attached to Form 720
because they’re attached to a previously filed claim on
Schedule 3 (Form 8849), attach a separate statement with
the following information.
have been sold during the period of claim for:
Use by a nonprofit educational organization, or
•
Use by a state or local government (including essential
•
government use by an Indian tribal government).
Claim requirements. The following requirements must be
met.
1. The claim must be for gasoline or aviation gasoline
sold or used during a period that is at least 1 week. This
requirement will generally be met for quarterly claims filed on
Form 720.
2. The amount of the claim must be at least $200. To
meet this minimum, amounts from lines 10 and 11 may be
combined.
3. Claims must be filed by the last day of the first quarter
following the earliest quarter of the claimant's income tax
year included in the claim. For example, a calendar year
income taxpayer's claim for January and February is due
June 30 if filed on Form 8849. However, Form 720 must be
filed by April 30.
Registration number. Enter your UV registration number in
the space provided.
a. Certificate identification number.
b. Total gallons of biodiesel or renewable diesel on
Information to be submitted. For claims on lines 10 and
11, attach a separate sheet with the name and TIN of each
nonprofit educational organization or governmental unit to
whom the gasoline or aviation gasoline was sold and the
number of gallons sold to each.
certificate.
c. Total gallons claimed on Schedule 3 (Form 8849).
d. Total gallons claimed on Form 720, Schedule C,
line 12.
e. Total gallons claimed on Form 8864.
Line 12 a–c. Biodiesel or Renewable Diesel
Mixtures
Registration number. If you are a registered blender or a
taxable fuel registrant, enter your registration number on
line 12.
Claimant. The person that produced and sold or used the
mixture in their trade or business is the only person eligible to
-17-
Instructions for Form 720 (Rev. 12-2023)
a. Certificate identification number.
Line 12d. Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Credit
b. Total gallons of SAF synthetic blending component, on
Claimant. The person that produced and sold or used a
qualified mixture (a mixture of SAF and kerosene) is the only
person eligible to make this claim. The credit is based on the
gallons of SAF in the qualified mixture. Any SAF mixture
credit must first be claimed on Form 720, Schedule C, to
reduce your taxable fuel liability reported on Form 720. Any
excess credit must be claimed on Form 720, Schedule C;
Schedule 3 (Form 8849); Form 4136; or Form 8864. See item
4 below for more information.
How to claim the credit. Only one credit may be taken for
each amount of SAF. If a person claimed (or will claim) an
amount of SAF on Form 8864, Form 8849, or Form 4136 for a
credit or payment, then a claim can't be made on Form 720
for that same amount of SAF. The qualified mixture must be
used (or sold, in the ordinary course of a trade or business,
for use) in an aircraft.
The SAF credit can't be claimed for qualified mixtures
produced outside the United States or if the transfer of such
mixture to the fuel tank of an aircraft occurs outside the
United States. Requirements 1 and 2 below must be met only
if the credit exceeds the amount of taxable fuel liability
reported. If requirements 1 and 2 below are not met, see
Annual Claims, later. Requirements 3 and 4 below must be
met for all claims.
1. The claim must be for a qualified mixture sold or used
during a period that is at least 1 week. This requirement will
generally be met for quarterly claims filed on Form 720.
2. The amount of the claim must be at least $200. To
meet this minimum, amounts from lines 12 and 13 may be
combined.
3. The SAF used to produce the qualified mixture is the
portion of liquid fuel that is not kerosene that (i) either (A)
meets the specifications of one of the ASTM D7566 Annexes,
or (B) meets the specifications of ASTM D1655 Annex A1; (ii)
is not derived from coprocessing an applicable material (or
materials derived from an applicable material) with a
feedstock that is not biomass; (iii) is not derived from palm
fatty acid distillates or petroleum; and (iv) has been certified
in accordance with section 40B(e) as having a lifecycle
greenhouse gas emissions reduction percentage of at least
50%. Applicable material means monoglycerides,
the certificate.
c. Total gallons claimed on Schedule 3 (Form 8849).
d. Total gallons claimed on Form 4136.
e. Total gallons claimed on Form 8864.
5. Enter the number of gallons and the appropriate rate in
the Rate column on the line 12d. If more than one rate
applies, leave the Rate column blank and attach a schedule
showing the rates and number of gallons claimed at each
rate. Enter the claim amount on line 12d.
Registration number. If you're a registered blender or a
taxable fuel registrant, enter your registration number on
line 12.
Line 13. Alternative Fuel Credit and Alternative
Fuel Mixture Credit
Claimant. For the alternative fuel credit, the registered
alternative fueler who (1) sold an alternative fuel at retail and
delivered it into the fuel supply tank of a motor vehicle or
motorboat; (2) sold an alternative fuel, delivered it in bulk for
taxable use in a motor vehicle or motorboat, and received the
required statement from the buyer; (3) used an alternative
fuel (not sold at retail or in bulk as previously described) in a
motor vehicle or motorboat; or (4) sold an alternative fuel for
use as a fuel in aviation, or used the alternative fuel in
aviation, is the only person eligible to make this claim.
For the alternative fuel mixture credit, the registered
alternative fueler that produced and sold or used the mixture
as a fuel in their trade or business is the only person eligible
to make this claim. The credit is based on the gallons of
alternative fuel in the mixture.
Carbon capture requirement. A credit for Fischer-Tropsch
process liquid fuel from coal (including peat) can be claimed
only if the fuel is from coal produced at a gasification facility
that separates and sequesters at least 75% of the facility's
total carbon dioxide emissions.
How to claim the credit. Any alternative fuel credit must
first be claimed on Form 720, Schedule C, to reduce your
section 4041 taxable fuel liability for alternative fuel and CNG
reported on Form 720. Any excess credit may be claimed on
Form 720, Schedule C; Schedule 3 (Form 8849); or Form
4136.
diglycerides, and triglycerides; free fatty acids; and fatty acid
esters. Lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions reduction
percentage means the percentage reduction in lifecycle
greenhouse gas emissions achieved by such fuel as
compared with petroleum-based jet fuel, as defined in
accordance with the most recent Carbon Offsetting and
Reduction Scheme for International Aviation which has been
adopted by the International Civil Aviation Organization with
the agreement of the United States, or any similar
The alternative fuel mixture credit can be claimed only on
Form 720, Schedule C, not on Form 4136, or Schedule 3
(Form 8849), and only to the extent of your section 4081
taxable fuel liability for gasoline, diesel, and kerosene.
Calculate the limitation for alternative fuel mixtures separately
and enter on line 13 only the gallons of mixtures that don’t
exceed your section 4081 taxable fuel liability for gasoline,
diesel, and kerosene.
methodology which satisfies the criteria under section 211(o)
(1)(H) of the Clean Air Act.
4. For qualified mixtures produced with an SAF synthetic
blending component (SAF that meets the qualifications of an
ASTM D7566 Annex), the Certificate for SAF Synthetic
Blending Component, Statement of SAF Synthetic Blending
Component Reseller (if applicable), and Declaration for SAF
Qualified Mixture must be attached to the first claim filed that
is supported by the certificate or statement. If the certificate,
statement, and declaration aren't attached to Form 720
because they're attached to a previously filed claim on a
Form 4136, a Form 8864, or a Schedule 3 (Form 8849),
attach a separate statement with the following information.
Claim requirements. The alternative fuel credit and
alternative fuel mixture credit may not be claimed for
alternative fuel produced outside the United States for use as
a fuel outside the United States. The United States includes
any territory of the United States. To claim either credit, you
must be registered by the IRS.
Registration number. You must enter your registration
number in the space provided.
Form 720-X. If you are not registered, you cannot make a
claim at this time. Use Form 637 to apply for registration.
-18-
Instructions for Form 720 (Rev. 12-2023)
After you are registered by the IRS, file Form 720-X to claim
the credit for this period.
use by an Indian tribal government) or for the exclusive use of
a nonprofit educational organization; or
For diesel, kerosene, or kerosene for use in aviation, for
•
Line 14. Other Claims
the exclusive use by a state or local government (including
essential government use by an Indian tribal government).
For claims under section 6416(b)(2) relating to certain uses
and resales of certain articles subject to manufacturer or
retailer excise taxes, claimant certifies that it sold the article
at a tax-excluded price, repaid the amount of tax to the
ultimate vendor, or has obtained the written consent of the
ultimate vendor to make the claim; and has the required
supporting information.
Claimant. The registered credit card issuer is the only
person eligible to make this claim if the credit card issuer:
1. Is registered by the IRS;
2. Hasn't collected the amount of tax from the ultimate
purchaser or has obtained the written consent of the ultimate
purchaser to make the claim;
3. Certifies that it has repaid or agreed to repay the
amount of tax to the ultimate vendor, has obtained the written
consent of the ultimate vendor to make the claim, or has
otherwise made arrangements which directly or indirectly
provide the ultimate vendor with reimbursement of the tax;
and
4. Has in its possession an unexpired certificate from the
ultimate purchaser and has no reason to believe any of the
information in the certificate is false. See Model Certificate R
in Pub. 510.
Lines 14b and 14c. Exported Dyed Diesel,
Exported Dyed Kerosene, and Exported Gasoline
Blendstocks Taxed at $.001
Claimant is required to have the name and address
of the person(s) who sold the fuel to the claimant, the
!
CAUTION
dates of purchase, and, if exported, the required
proof of export.
A claim may be made for dyed diesel or dyed kerosene
exported in a trade or business during the period of claim.
Claims for exported gasoline blendstocks taxed at $.001 per
earlier. The claim rate for each fuel is $.001 per gallon.
If any one of these conditions isn't met, the credit card
issuer must collect the tax from the ultimate purchaser and
only the ultimate purchaser can make the claim.
Claim requirements. The following requirements must be
Claims for exported gasoline blendstocks taxed at
met.
$.184 per gallon are made on line 1b.
!
1. The claim must be for gasoline, aviation gasoline,
diesel, kerosene, or kerosene for use in aviation sold during a
period that is at least 1 week. This requirement will generally
be met for quarterly claims filed on Form 720.
CAUTION
Line 14d. Diesel-Water Emulsion
2. The amount of the claim must be at least $200 ($100
Generally, the claim rate for the nontaxable use of a
diesel-water emulsion taxed at $.198 (credit reference
number (CRN) 309) is $.197. The fuel must have been used
during the period of claim for type of use 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, or
12. For type of use 5, the claim rate is $.124 (CRN 309). For
type of use 3 (exported), the claim rate is $.198 (CRN 306)
and is reported on line 14d.
for kerosene or kerosene for use in aviation).
3. Claims must be filed by the last day of the first quarter
following the earliest quarter of the claimant's income tax
year included in the claim. For example, a calendar year
income taxpayer's claim for the first quarter is due June 30 if
filed on Form 8849. However, Form 720 must be filed by April
30.
The claim rate for undyed diesel taxed at $.244 (CRN 310)
and used to produce a diesel-water emulsion is $.046 per
gallon of diesel so used (blender claims). The claimant must
attach a statement certifying that (a) the claimant produced a
diesel-water emulsion containing at least 14% water; (b) the
emulsion additive is registered by a U.S. manufacturer with
the EPA under the Clean Air Act, section 211 (as in effect on
March 31, 2003); (c) the claimant used undyed diesel taxed
at $.244 to produce the diesel-water emulsion; and (d) the
claimant sold or used the diesel-water emulsion in the
blender's trade or business. The blender claimant must be
registered by the IRS and must enter their registration
number on line 14d and enter the applicable CRN.
4. The claimant must enter its registration number on
line 14e, the amount of the claim, and the applicable CRN
fuel, use the blank lines 14i–14k, or attach a separate sheet
listing the fuels, amounts, and CRNs.
later. However, annual claims can't be made for gasoline and
aviation gasoline.
Claim rates. The claim rates are shown below.
CRN
Claim Rate
324
346
360
362
369
$.193
.243
.243
.183
.218
and lines 14b–14d, earlier.
Line 14e. Registered Credit Card Issuers
Allowable sales. The gasoline (CRN 362), aviation gasoline
(CRN 324), diesel (CRN 360), kerosene (CRN 346), or
kerosene for use in aviation (CRN 369) must have been
purchased with a credit card issued to the ultimate purchaser
during the period of claim:
For gasoline or aviation gasoline, for the exclusive use by a
•
state or local government (including essential government
-19-
Instructions for Form 720 (Rev. 12-2023)
Annual Claims
Tax
CRN
Ozone-depleting chemicals (ODCs)
Chemicals (other than ODCs)
Imported chemical substances
Oil spill liability
398
454
317
349
383
If a claim on lines 1–9 or 14b–14e wasn’t made for any
gallons, an annual claim may be made (exception: alternative
fuel mixtures produced after December 31, 2011). Generally,
an annual claim is made on Form 4136 for the income tax
year during which the fuel was used by the ultimate
purchaser, sold by the registered ultimate vendor, used to
produce a mixture, or used in mobile machinery. See Form
4136 for more information.
Truck, trailer, and semitrailer chassis and bodies, and
tractors
Passenger vehicles (luxury tax)
Gas guzzler automobiles
Vaccines
392
340
397
341
308
387
342
344
389
Lines 14f–14h. Tire Credits
Sport fishing equipment
Fishing rods and fishing poles
Fishing tackle boxes
A credit or refund (without interest) is allowable on tax-paid
tires if the tires have been:
Exported;
•
•
•
Sold to a state or local government for its exclusive use;
Sold to a nonprofit educational organization for its
Electric outboard motors
Bows, quivers, broadheads, and points
Arrow shafts
exclusive use;
Sold to a qualified blood collector organization for its
•
exclusive use in connection with a vehicle the organization
certifies will be primarily used in the collection, storage, or
transportation of blood;
Used or sold for use as supplies for vessels; or
•
The Taxpayer Advocate Service (TAS)
Is Here To Help You
What is TAS? TAS is an independent organization within
the IRS that helps taxpayers and protects taxpayer rights.
Their job is to ensure that every taxpayer is treated fairly and
How can you learn about your taxpayer rights? The
Taxpayer Bill of Rights describes 10 basic rights that all
taxpayers have when dealing with the IRS. Go to
these rights mean to you and how they apply. These are your
rights. Know them. Use them.
What can TAS do for you? TAS can help you resolve
problems that you can't resolve with the IRS. And their
service is free. If you qualify for their assistance, you will be
assigned to one advocate who will work with you throughout
the process and will do everything possible to resolve your
issue. TAS can help you if:
Sold in connection with qualified intercity, local, or school
•
buses.
Also, a credit or refund (without interest) is allowable on
tax-paid tires sold by any person on, or in connection with,
any other article that is sold or used in an activity listed
above.
The person who paid the tax is eligible to make the claim
and must include:
A detailed description of the claim,
•
•
•
•
•
Any additional information required by the regulations,
How the claim amount was figured,
Any other information to support the claim, and
The number of tires claimed for each CRN.
Claim requirement. Generally, the claim must be filed
within 3 years from the time the return was filed or 2 years
from the time the tax was paid, whichever is later.
Lines 14i–14k. Other Claims
Your problem is causing financial difficulty for you, your
•
Don't use lines 14i–14k to make communications tax
family, or your business;
You face (or your business is facing) an immediate threat
claims for nontaxable service. See Communications
!
•
CAUTION
of adverse action; or
You've tried repeatedly to contact the IRS but no one has
•
Use lines 14i–14k for claims relating to taxes listed in the
information on allowable claims relating to these taxes. If you
need additional space, attach another sheet(s). You must
include the following information for each claim.
responded, or the IRS hasn't responded by the date
promised.
advocate's number is in your local directory and at
them at 877-777-4778.
How else does TAS help taxpayers? TAS works to resolve
large-scale problems that affect many taxpayers. If you know
of one of these broad issues, please report it to them at
A detailed description of the claim.
•
Any additional information required by the regulations.
•
The amount of the claim.
•
How you figured the claim amount.
•
•
Any other information to support the claim.
Claim requirement. Generally, the claim must be filed
within 3 years from the time the return was filed or 2 years
from the time the tax was paid, whichever is later.
Privacy Act and Paperwork Reduction Act Notice. We
ask for the information on these forms in order to carry out
the Internal Revenue laws of the United States. We need it to
-20-
Instructions for Form 720 (Rev. 12-2023)
figure and collect the right amount of tax. Miscellaneous
excise taxes are imposed under Subtitle D of the Internal
Revenue Code. These forms are used to determine the
amount of tax that you owe. Section 6011 requires you to
provide the requested information. Section 6109 requires you
to provide your identifying number. Routine uses of this
information include giving it to the Department of Justice for
civil and criminal litigation, and to cities, states, the District of
Columbia, and U.S. commonwealths and territories for use in
administering their tax laws. We may also disclose this
information to other countries under a tax treaty, to federal
and state agencies to enforce federal nontax criminal laws, or
to federal law enforcement and intelligence agencies to
combat terrorism. Failure to provide this information in a
timely manner or providing false or fraudulent information
may subject you to penalties.
Comments and suggestions. We welcome your comments
about this publication and your suggestions for future
FormComments. Or you can write to:
Internal Revenue Service
Tax Forms and Publications
1111 Constitution Ave. NW
IR-6526
Washington, DC 20224
Although we can’t respond individually to each comment
received, we do appreciate your feedback and will consider
your comments and suggestions as we revise our tax forms,
instructions, and publications. Do not send tax questions, tax
returns, or payments to the above address.
You aren't required to provide the information requested
on a form that is subject to the Paperwork Reduction Act
unless the form displays a valid OMB control number. Books
or records relating to a form or its instructions must be
retained as long as their contents may become material in the
administration of any Internal Revenue law. Generally, tax
returns and return information are confidential, as required by
section 6103.
to download forms and publications. Otherwise, you can go
order prior-year forms and instructions. The IRS will process
your order for forms and publications as soon as possible. Do
not resubmit requests you’ve already sent us. You can get
forms and publications faster online.
The time needed to complete and file these forms and
related schedules will vary depending on individual
circumstances. The estimated average times are:
Preparing,
copying,
Learning about assembling, and
the law or
the form
sending the
Form
720
Recordkeeping
8 hr., 59 min.
6 hr., 13 min.
form to the IRS
1 hr., 5 min.
2 hr., 3 min.
720-X
0 hr., 18 min.
0 hr., 24 min.
-21-
Instructions for Form 720 (Rev. 12-2023)
Index
A
Air transportation:
R
G
Recordkeeping 2
Gas guzzler automobiles:
S
Gasoline 6
Schedule A (Excise Tax
Liability) 12
H
B
Schedule T (Two-Party Exchange
How to file:
Biodiesel sold as but not used as
fuel 10
Bows, quivers, broadheads, and
points 9
I
C
T
Coal 8
Communications:
K
Kerosene 6
D
M
Two-Party Exchange Information
Reporting 13
Diesel 5
N
E
U
O
Obligations not in registered
form 7
V
ODCs 10
Vaccines 9
F
W
P
Patient-centered outcomes
-22-