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Department of the Treasury  
Internal Revenue Service  
2023  
Instructions for Schedule L  
(Form 990)  
Transactions With Interested Persons  
Section references are to the Internal Revenue Code unless  
Specific Instructions  
otherwise noted.  
For Parts I, II, and III, report all transactions regardless of  
amount. Part IV instructions provide individual and total reporting  
thresholds below which reporting isn't required for an interested  
person.  
Future Developments  
For the latest information about developments related to Form  
990 and its instructions, such as legislation enacted after they  
were published, go to IRS.gov/Form990.  
Each reportable transaction is to be reported in only one part  
of Schedule L, as described below.  
General Instructions  
Interested persons. For purposes of Part I, an interested  
person is a disqualified person under section 4958. For  
purposes of Parts II–IV, an interested person is one of the  
following.  
1. For Form 990 filers, a person required to be listed on  
Form 990, Part VII, Section A, as a current or former officer,  
director, trustee, or key employee; and for Form 990-EZ filers,  
a current officer, director, trustee, or key employee required to be  
listed on Form 990-EZ, Part IV. For purposes of reporting  
management company transactions on Part IV, however, a  
former officer, director, trustee, or key employee of the  
organization within the last 5 tax years is treated as an interested  
person whether or not required to be so listed.  
Note. Terms in bold are defined in the Glossary of the  
Instructions for Form 990.  
Purpose of Schedule  
Schedule L (Form 990) is used by an organization that files Form  
990 or 990-EZ to provide information on certain financial  
transactions or arrangements between the organization and a  
disqualified person(s) under section 4958 or other interested  
persons. Schedule L is also used to determine whether a  
member of the organization's governing body is an  
independent member for purposes of Form 990, Part VI, line 1b.  
Supplemental information. Parts I–IV can be duplicated if  
additional space is needed. Also, Part V may be used to explain  
a transaction or to provide additional information.  
2. The creator or founder of the organization, including the  
sponsoring organizations of a Voluntary Employees' Beneficiary  
Association (VEBA).  
Who Must File  
3. A substantial contributor. For purposes of Schedule L,  
The chart at the bottom of this page provides which  
organizations must complete all or a part of Schedule L and  
must attach Schedule L for Form 990 or 990-EZ.  
Parts II–IV, a substantial contributor is an individual or  
organization that made contributions during the tax year in the  
aggregate of at least $5,000, and whose contributions are  
required to be reported on Schedule B (Form 990), Schedule of  
Contributors, for the organization’s tax year. A substantial  
contributor may include an employer that contributes to a VEBA.  
Note. The organization should answer “Yes” to Form 990, Part  
IV, line 28a, 28b, or 28c, only if the party to the transaction was  
an “interested person” as defined in these instructions, and the  
threshold amounts described in the specific instructions to  
Schedule L, Part IV, later, are met.  
4. For purposes of Part III, a member of the organization’s  
grant selection committee.  
5. A family member of any individual described above.  
If an organization isn't required to file Form 990 or 990-EZ but  
chooses to do so, it must file a complete return and provide all of  
the information requested, including the required schedules.  
6. A 35% controlled entity of one or more individuals  
and/or organizations described above.  
7. For purposes of Part III, an employee (or child of an  
employee) of a substantial contributor or of a 35% controlled  
Types of Filers—Schedule L  
Type of filer  
IF you answer “Yes” to  
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Section 501(c)(3), 501(c)(4), or 501(c)(29)  
organization  
Form 990, Part IV, line 25a or 25b (regarding excess  
benefit transactions)  
Schedule L, Part I.  
Section 501(c)(3) or 501(c)(4)  
Form 990-EZ, Part V, line 40b (regarding excess benefit Schedule L, Part I.  
transactions)  
All organizations  
All organizations  
All organizations  
All organizations  
Form 990, Part IV, line 26 (regarding loans)  
Form 990-EZ, Part V, line 38a (regarding loans)  
Form 990, Part IV, line 27 (regarding grants)  
Schedule L, Part II.  
Schedule L, Part II.  
Schedule L, Part III.  
Schedule L, Part IV.  
Form 990, Part IV, line 28a, 28b, or 28c (regarding  
business transactions)  
Jan 10, 2024  
Cat. No. 51522J  
entity of such person, but only if the employee (or child of an  
employee) received the grant or assistance by the direction or  
advice of the substantial contributor or designee or of the 35%  
controlled entity, or under a program funded by the substantial  
contributor that was intended primarily to benefit such  
employees (or their children).  
If an interested person has status as such other than by being a  
substantial contributor or related to one, then make no reference  
to the substantial contributor status. For example, if grantee Jane  
Smith is both a substantial contributor and the spouse of Director  
John Smith, then they must be listed by name in column (a), and  
column (b) must state “spouse of Director John Smith” or words  
to similar effect.  
Refer to the specific instructions under each Part for  
Describe the transaction in column (c).  
information on how to report substantial contributors or  
those related to substantial contributors.  
TIP  
State in column (d) whether the transaction has been  
corrected.  
Identify in Part V the organization manager(s), if any, that  
An interested person for purposes of Parts II–IV doesn't  
include a section 501(c)(3) organization, an exempt organization  
with the same tax-exempt status (for example, section 501(c)(3)  
or 527 status) as the filing organization, or a governmental unit  
or instrumentality. Treat as a section 501(c)(3) organization a  
foreign organization for which the filing organization has made a  
reasonable judgment (or has an opinion of U.S. counsel) that the  
foreign organization is described in section 501(c)(3).  
participated in the transaction, knowing that it was an excess  
benefit transaction.  
Excess benefit transaction. An excess benefit transaction is  
generally a transaction in which an applicable tax-exempt  
organization directly or indirectly provides to or for the use of a  
disqualified person an economic benefit the value of which  
exceeds the value of the consideration received by the  
organization for providing such benefit. For special section 4958  
rules governing transactions with donor advised funds and  
supporting organizations, see the special rules under Section  
4958 Excess Benefit Transactions in Appendix G in the  
Instructions for Form 990, or Appendix E in the Instructions for  
Form 990-EZ.  
Applicable tax-exempt organizations are generally limited to  
organizations which (without regard to any excess benefit) are  
section 501(c)(3) public charities, section 501(c)(4) or 501(c)  
(29) organizations, or organizations that had such status at any  
time during the 5-year period ending on the date of the excess  
benefit transaction.  
Reasonable effort. The organization isn't required to provide  
information about a transaction if it is unable to secure sufficient  
information to conclude that the transaction is reportable after  
making a reasonable effort to obtain such information. An  
example of a reasonable effort is for the organization to distribute  
a questionnaire annually to each person that it believes may be  
an interested person, as described earlier, requesting  
information relevant to determining whether a transaction is  
reportable. The questionnaire may include the name and title of  
each person reporting information, blank lines for the person’s  
signature and signature date, and the pertinent instructions and  
definitions for Schedule L interested persons and transactions.  
Section 501(c)(3), 501(c)(4), and 501(c)(29) organizations  
should refer to the Instructions for Form 990, Part IV, lines 25a–  
25b (or Form 990-EZ, Part V, line 40b) before completing Part I.  
For more information on excess benefit transactions, section  
4958, and special rules for donor advised funds and supporting  
organizations, see Appendix G in the Instructions for Form 990  
(or Appendix E in the Instructions for Form 990-EZ) and Pub.  
557, Tax-Exempt Status for Your Organization.  
Example. A substantial contributor whether to the organization  
states that they would like Mr. X and Ms. Y to be beneficiaries of  
a grant. The organization inquires of the substantial contributor  
Mr. X and Ms. Y are interested persons with respect to the  
organization because of a family or business relationship they  
have with the substantial contributor (using the pertinent  
instructions and definitions), and the substantial contributor  
replies in writing that they aren't. Whether they actually are  
interested persons or not, the organization has made a  
reasonable effort in this situation.  
Line 2. Enter the amount of excise tax incurred by disqualified  
persons and organization managers under section 4958 for the  
transactions reported on line 1, whether or not assessed by the  
IRS, unless abated. Form 4720, Return of Certain Excise Taxes  
Under Chapters 41 and 42 of the Internal Revenue Code, must  
be filed to report and pay the tax on excess benefit transactions.  
Part I. Excess Benefit Transactions  
(To be completed by section 501(c)(3), 501(c)(4), and 501(c)(29)  
organizations.)  
Line 1. For each excess benefit transaction involving an  
organization described in section 501(c)(3), 501(c)(4), or 501(c)  
(29), regardless of amount, provide information relating to each  
of the following.  
Part II. Loans to and/or From  
Interested Persons  
Report details on loans, including salary advances, payments  
made pursuant to a split-dollar life insurance arrangement that  
are treated as loans under Regulations section 1.7872-15, and  
other advances and receivables (referred to collectively as  
“loans”), as described on Form 990, Part IV, line 26 (including  
receivables reported on Form 990, Part X, line 5, 6, or 22); on  
Form 990-EZ, Part V, line 38a; or on Form 990, Part IV, line 26 (if  
the organization reported an amount on Form 990, Part X, line 5,  
6, or 22). Report only loans between the organization and  
interested persons that are outstanding as of the end of the  
organization's tax year. Report each loan separately, regardless  
of amount.  
Identify in column (a) the disqualified person(s) that  
received an excess benefit in the transaction. If the person has  
interested person status only as a substantial contributor, a  
family member of a substantial contributor, a 35% controlled  
entity of a substantial contributor, or an employee of a  
substantial contributor or 35% controlled entity of a substantial  
contributor, then enter the term “substantial contributor” or  
“related to substantial contributor” (as the case may be) instead  
of the interested person's name, in order to protect the  
confidentiality of the substantial contributor.  
Identify in column (b) the relationship between the  
disqualified person and the organization (for example, “officer”  
or “family member of director”). If “substantial contributor” was  
entered in column (a), enter “substantial contributor” here as  
well. If “related to substantial contributor” was entered in column  
(a), then describe the relationship without referring to specific  
names, for example, “child of employee of 35% controlled  
entity of substantial contributor.”  
In addition to loans originally made between the organization  
and an interested person, also report loans originally between  
the organization and a third party or between an interested  
person and a third party that were transferred so as to become a  
debt outstanding between the organization and an interested  
person.  
Exceptions. Don't report the following in Part II.  
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2023 Instructions for Schedule L (Form 990)  
Excess benefit transactions reported on Schedule L, Part I.  
Advances under an accountable plan as described in the  
Column (h). State whether the organization's governing body  
(or a committee of the governing body) approved the loan  
transaction.  
instructions for Part II of Schedule J (Form 990), Compensation  
Information.  
Column (i). State whether the loan is evidenced by a  
Pledges receivable that would qualify as charitable  
promissory note or other written agreement signed by the debtor.  
contributions when paid.  
Accrued but unpaid compensation owed by the organization.  
Part III. Grants or Assistance  
Benefiting Interested Persons  
Loans from a credit union made to an interested person on the  
same terms as offered to other members of the credit union.  
Tax-exempt bonds purchased from the filing organization  
Report each grant or other assistance (including provision of  
goods, services, or use of facilities), regardless of amount,  
provided by the organization to any interested person at any time  
during the organization's tax year. Examples of grants are  
scholarships, fellowships, discounts on goods or services,  
internships, prizes, and awards. A grant includes the gift portion  
of a part-sale, part-gift transaction.  
and held by an interested person, so long as the interested  
person purchased the bonds on the same terms as offered to the  
general public.  
Deposits into a bank account (when the bank is an interested  
person) in the ordinary course of business, on the same terms  
as the bank offers to the general public.  
Receivables for a section 501(c)(9) VEBA from a sponsoring  
organization or contributing employer of the VEBA, if those  
receivables were created in the ordinary course of business and  
have been due for 90 days or fewer.  
See Reasonable effort, earlier, applicable to Part III.  
TIP  
Receivables outstanding that were created in the ordinary  
Exceptions. Don't report the following in Part III.  
course of the organization's business on the same terms as  
offered to the general public (such as receivables for medical  
services provided by a hospital to an officer of the hospital).  
Excess benefit transactions reported on Schedule L, Part I.  
Loans reported (or not required to be reported) on  
Schedule L, Part II.  
Column (a). Identify the interested person that was the debtor  
or creditor on the loan. If the person has interested person status  
only as a substantial contributor, a family member of a  
Business transactions that don't contain any gift element and  
that are engaged in to serve the direct and immediate needs of  
the organization, such as payment of compensation (including  
taxable and nontaxable fringe benefits treated as compensation)  
to an employee or independent contractor in exchange for  
services of comparable value. Some business transactions may  
be reportable on Schedule L, Part IV.  
substantial contributor, a 35% controlled entity of a substantial  
contributor, or an employee of a substantial contributor or 35%  
controlled entity of a substantial contributor, then enter the term  
“substantial contributor” or “related to substantial contributor” (as  
the case may be) instead of the interested person's name, in  
order to protect the confidentiality of the substantial contributor.  
Compensation to a person listed on Form 990, Part VII,  
Section A (including taxable and nontaxable fringe benefits  
treated as compensation).  
Column (b). Identify the relationship between the interested  
person and the organization. If “substantial contributor” was  
entered in column (a), enter “substantial contributor” here as  
well. If “related to substantial contributor” was entered in column  
(a), then describe the relationship without referring to specific  
names, for example, “child of employee of 35% controlled  
entity of substantial contributor.”  
Grants to employees (and their children) of a substantial  
contributor or 35% controlled entity of a substantial contributor,  
awarded on an objective and nondiscriminatory basis based on  
pre-established criteria and reviewed by a selection committee,  
as described in Regulations section 53.4945-4(b).  
Grants or assistance provided to an interested person as a  
member of the charitable class or other class (such as a member  
of a section 501(c)(5), 501(c)(6), or 501(c)(7) organization) that  
the organization intends to benefit in furtherance of its exempt  
purpose, if provided on similar terms as provided to other  
members of the class, such as short-term disaster relief, poverty  
relief, or trauma counseling. However, grants for travel, study  
(such as scholarships or fellowships), or other similar purposes  
(such as to achieve a specific objective, produce a report or  
other similar product, or improve or enhance a literary, artistic,  
musical, scientific, teaching, or other similar capacity, skill, or  
talent of the grantee) like those described in section 4945(d)(3)  
aren't excluded from reporting under this exception.  
If an interested person has status as such other than by being a  
substantial contributor or related to one, then make no reference  
to the substantial contributor status. For example, if grantee Jane  
Smith is both a substantial contributor and the spouse of Director  
John Smith, then they must be listed by name in column (a), and  
column (b) must state “spouse of Director John Smith” or words  
to similar effect.  
Column (c). Describe the organization's purpose for engaging  
in the loan.  
Column (d). Check either “To” or “From,whichever is  
(But see Schools, later, for instructions on how to report grants,  
scholarships, and other assistance from colleges, universities,  
and primary and secondary schools.) Grants that are awards  
recognizing past achievements also aren't excluded from  
reporting under this exception. Grants for travel, study, or similar  
purposes don't include such purposes as short-term disaster  
relief, poverty relief, or trauma counseling.  
applicable.  
Column (e). Enter the original dollar amount owed (the loan  
principal).  
Column (f). Enter the balance due as of the end of the  
organization's tax year, including outstanding principal, accrued  
interest, and any applicable penalties and collection costs. For  
Form 990 filers, the sum total indicated in column (f) must equal  
the total of Form 990, Part X, Balance Sheet, column (B), lines 5  
and 6 (for amounts owed to the organization), and column (B),  
line 22 (for amounts owed by the organization).  
Grants or assistance to a section 501(c)(3) organization.  
Column (a). Enter the name of the interested person that  
benefited from the grant or assistance. If the person has  
interested person status only as a substantial contributor, a  
family member of a substantial contributor, a 35% controlled  
entity of a substantial contributor, or an employee of a  
substantial contributor or 35% controlled entity of a substantial  
contributor, then enter the term “substantial contributor” or  
“related to substantial contributor” (as the case may be) instead  
Column (g). Answer “Yes” if any payment by the debtor was  
past due as of the end of the organization's tax year, or if the  
debtor is otherwise in default under the terms and conditions of  
the loan.  
3
2023 Instructions for Schedule L (Form 990)  
of the interested person's name, in order to protect the  
confidentiality of the substantial contributor.  
Business transactions. Business transactions include but  
aren't limited to joint ventures and contracts of sale, lease,  
license, insurance, and performance of services, whether  
initiated during the organization's tax year or ongoing from a  
prior year.  
Column (b). Describe the relationship between the interested  
person that benefited from the grant or assistance and the  
organization, such as “spouse of the Director.If “substantial  
contributor” was entered in column (a), enter “substantial  
contributor” here as well. If “related to substantial contributor”  
was entered in column (a), then describe the relationship without  
referring to specific names, for example, “child of employee of  
35% controlled entity of substantial contributor.”  
If an interested person has status as such other than by being  
a substantial contributor or related to one, then make no  
reference to the substantial contributor status. For example, if  
grantee Jane Smith is both a substantial contributor and the  
spouse of Director John Smith, then they must be listed by name  
in column (a), and column (b) must state “spouse of Director  
John Smith” or words to similar effect.  
Certain management company transactions with former of-  
ficers, etc. A business transaction also includes a transaction  
between the organization and a management company of  
which a former officer, director, trustee, or key employee of the  
organization (within the last 5 tax years, even if not listed on  
Form 990, Part VII, Section A, because the individual didn’t  
receive any compensation from the organization) is a direct or  
indirect 35% owner (as measured by stock ownership (voting  
power or value, whichever is greater) of a corporation, profits or  
capital interest (whichever is greater) in a partnership or limited  
liability company, or beneficial interest in a trust), or an officer,  
director, or trustee.  
Column (c). Enter the total dollar amount of grants and other  
assistance provided to the interested person during the  
organization's tax year.  
Aggregate reporting. The organization can aggregate multiple  
individual transactions between the same parties, or list them  
separately. If aggregation is chosen, report the aggregate  
amount in column (c) and describe the various types of  
transactions (for example, “consulting,rental of real property”)  
in column (d).  
Column (d). Describe the type of assistance provided to the  
interested person.  
Column (e). Describe the organization's purpose in providing  
Exceptions. Don't report the following in Part IV.  
assistance to the interested person.  
Excess benefit transactions reported on Schedule L, Part I.  
Schools. Colleges, universities, and primary and secondary  
schools aren't required to identify interested persons to whom  
they provided scholarships, fellowships, and similar financial  
assistance. Instead, these organizations must, on Part III, group  
each type of financial assistance (for example, need-based  
scholarships, merit scholarships, discounted tuition) provided to  
interested persons on separate lines. For each line, the school  
should report in column (c), the aggregate dollar amount of each  
type of assistance, the type of assistance in column (d), and the  
purpose of the assistance in column (e), unless such reporting  
would be an unauthorized disclosure of student education  
records under the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act  
(FERPA). Columns (a) and (b) should be left blank for these  
lines.  
Loans reported (or not required to be reported) on  
Schedule L, Part II.  
Grants and other assistance reported (or not required to be  
reported) on Schedule L, Part III (however, this exception doesn't  
apply to transactions covered by the business transaction  
exception described in the Part III instructions earlier; such  
transactions may need to be reported in Part IV).  
Compensation reported on Form 990, Part VII, Section A,  
unless the compensation was to a family member of another  
person reported on Form 990, Part VII, Section A.  
Deposits into or withdrawals from a bank account (when the  
bank is an interested person) in the ordinary course of business,  
on the same terms as the bank offers to the general public.  
The organization's charging of membership dues to its  
officers, directors, etc.  
If the organization transfers funds to an interested person to  
Part IV. Business Transactions  
Involving Interested Persons  
make investments on behalf of the organization as its agent or  
contractor (but not as part of a joint venture), the amount of the  
transaction for purposes of Part IV reporting isn't the entire  
amount transferred but the management fees or other service  
fees or carried interest (if any) of the interested person.  
Report on Part IV business transactions for which payments  
were made during the organization's tax year between the  
organization and an interested person, if such payments  
exceeded the reporting thresholds described below, and  
regardless of when the transaction was entered into by the  
parties. The “ordinary course of business” exception to reporting  
business relationships on Form 990, Part VI, line 2, doesn't apply  
for purposes of Schedule L, but see the exception below for  
publicly traded companies.  
Transactions with publicly traded companies in the ordinary  
course of the publicly traded company’s business, on the same  
terms as it generally offers to the public (or more favorable for  
the filing organization).  
Example 1. T, a family member of an officer of the  
organization, serves as an employee of the organization and  
receives during the organization's tax year compensation of  
$15,000, which isn't more than 1% of the organization's total  
revenue. The organization is required to report T's compensation  
as a business transaction on Schedule L, Part IV, because the  
organization's compensation to a family member of an officer  
exceeds $10,000, whether or not T's compensation is reported  
on Form 990, Part VII.  
Example 2. X, the child of a current director listed on Form  
990, Part VII, Section A, is a first-year associate at a law  
partnership that the organization pays $150,000 during the  
organization's tax year. The organization isn't required to report  
this business transaction on account of X's employment  
relationship to the law firm.  
In general, an organization must report business transactions  
on Part IV with an interested person if (a) all payments during the  
tax year between the organization and the interested person  
exceeded $100,000; (b) all payments during the tax year from a  
single transaction between such parties exceeded the greater of  
$10,000 or 1% of the filing organization's total revenue for the tax  
year; (c) compensation payments during the tax year by the  
organization to a family member of a current or former officer,  
director, trustee, or key employee of the organization listed on  
Form 990, Part VII, Section A, exceeded $10,000; or (d) in the  
case of a joint venture with an interested person, the  
organization has invested $10,000 or more in the joint venture,  
whether or not during the tax year, and the profits or capital  
interest of the organization and of the interested person each  
exceeds 10% at some time during the tax year.  
4
2023 Instructions for Schedule L (Form 990)  
Example 3. The facts are the same as in Example 2, except  
that X is a partner of the law firm and has an ownership interest  
in the law firm of 36% of the profits. The organization must report  
the business transaction because the law firm is a 35%  
controlled entity of X and the dollar amount is in excess of the  
$100,000 aggregate threshold.  
Example 4. The facts are the same as in Example 3, except  
that the law firm entered into the transaction with the  
organization before X's parent became a director of the  
organization. X’s parent became a director during the  
organization’s tax year. The organization must report all  
payments made during its tax year to the law firm for the  
transaction.  
Column (b). Enter the relationship between the interested  
person and the organization. For example:  
Key employee of the organization;  
Family member of the former Director; or  
Entity more than 35% owned by (a) the former Director, and  
(b) the President. If “substantial contributor” was entered in  
column (a), enter “substantial contributor” here as well. If “related  
to substantial contributor” was entered in column (a), then  
describe the relationship without referring to specific names, for  
example, “child of employee of 35% controlled entity of  
substantial contributor.”  
If an interested person has status as such other than by being a  
substantial contributor or related to one, then make no reference  
to the substantial contributor status. For example, if grantee Jane  
Smith is both a substantial contributor and the spouse of Director  
John Smith, then they must be listed by name in column (a), and  
column (b) must state “spouse of Director John Smith” or words  
to similar effect.  
Example 5. The facts are the same as in Example 3, except  
that X is the child of a former director listed on Form 990, Part  
VII, Section A. The organization is required to report the  
business transaction, as family members of former directors  
listed in Part VII are interested persons.  
Example 6. The facts are the same as in Example 3, except  
that the organization pays $75,000 in total during the  
organization's tax year for 15 separate transactions to collect  
debts owed to the organization. None of the transactions  
involves payments to the law partnership in excess of $10,000.  
The organization isn't required in this instance to report the  
business transactions, because the dollar amounts don't exceed  
either the $10,000 transaction threshold or the $100,000  
aggregate threshold.  
Example 7. The facts are the same as in Example 6, except  
that the organization pays $105,000 instead of $75,000.  
Because the aggregate payments for the business transactions  
exceed $100,000, the organization must report all the business  
transactions. The organization can report the transactions on an  
aggregate basis or list them separately.  
Column (c). The dollar amount of the transaction is the cash or  
fair market value of other assets and services provided by the  
organization during the tax year, net of reimbursement of  
expenses. For joint ventures with interested persons, report the  
total amount invested by the organization in the joint venture as  
of the end of the organization's tax year, whether or not the  
organization invested any part of the amount during the tax year.  
Column (d). Describe the transaction(s) by type, such as  
employment or independent contractor arrangement, rental of  
property, or sale of assets.  
Column (e). Check “Yes” if all or part of the consideration paid  
by the organization is based on a percentage of revenues of the  
organization. For instance, check “Yes” if a management fee is  
based on a percentage of revenues, or a legal fee owed to  
outside attorneys by a public interest law firm is a percentage of  
the amount collected.  
Column (a). Enter the name of the interested person involved in  
the direct or indirect business relationship with the organization.  
If the person has interested person status only as a substantial  
contributor, a family member of a substantial contributor, a 35%  
controlled entity of a substantial contributor, or an employee  
of a substantial contributor or 35% controlled entity of a  
substantial contributor, then enter the term “substantial  
Part V. Supplemental Information  
Use Part V if the organization needs additional space to explain  
a transaction or provide additional information. On Part V, identify  
the specific part and line number that each response supports, in  
the order in which those parts and lines appear on Schedule L  
(Form 990). Part V can be duplicated if more space is needed.  
contributor” or “related to substantial contributor” (as the case  
may be) instead of the interested person's name, in order to  
protect the confidentiality of the substantial contributor.  
5
2023 Instructions for Schedule L (Form 990)