Instrukcje dla formularzy 1099- QA i 5498- QA
Instrukcje dotyczące formularzy 1099- QA i 5498- QA, dystrybucji z kont able i informacji o kontach able
Rev. 2024
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Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service
2024
Instructions for Forms
1099-QA and 5498-QA
Distributions From ABLE Accounts and ABLE Account Contribution Information
Section references are to the Internal Revenue Code
unless otherwise noted.
converted to online fillable PDFs. You may fill out these
Form5498QA, and send Copy B to each recipient.
Future Developments
Form 5498-QA can only be filed on paper.
For the latest information about developments related to
Forms 1099-QA and 5498-QA and their instructions, such
as legislation enacted after they were published, go to
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CAUTION
Qualified ABLE Program
What's New
A qualified ABLE program is a program established and
maintained by a state, or agency, or instrumentality of a
state:
Contributions. Contributions (including any contributions
from a section 529 program, but not including
contributions of the designated beneficiary’s
compensation income made under section 529A(b)(2)(B))
made to your ABLE account in 2024 can’t exceed
information.
Under which an ABLE account may be established for a
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blind or disabled individual whose blindness or disability
occurred before age 26 (an “eligible individual”), who is
the owner and designated beneficiary of the account;
Which permits contributions to such ABLE account to
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pay for the qualified disability expenses of the account’s
designated beneficiary;
Reminders
Which limits a designated beneficiary to one ABLE
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In addition, you should also use the 2024 General
Instructions for Certain Information Returns. Those
general instructions include information about the
following topics.
account; and
That meets the other requirements of section 529A.
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Contributions. A program is not treated as a qualified
ABLE program unless it provides that no contribution will
be accepted:
Who must file.
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When and where to file.
Electronic reporting.
1. Unless it is in cash; or
2. Except in the case of a rollover or
Corrected and void returns.
Statements to recipients.
Taxpayer identification numbers (TINs).
Backup withholding.
Penalties.
program-to-program transfer from an ABLE account, if
such contribution would result in aggregate contributions
from all contributors to the ABLE account for the tax year
exceeding the sum of:
Other general topics.
a. $18,000 (in 2024), plus
You can get the General Instructions for Certain
b. In the case of additional contributions made by
certain employed ABLE account designated beneficiaries,
an amount up to the lesser of:
Information Returns at IRS.gov/1099GeneralInstructions
Continuous-use form and instructions. Form 1099-QA
and its instructions, contained herein, have been
i. The designated beneficiary’s compensation for the
tax year, or
converted from an annual revision to continuous use. Both
the form and instructions will be updated as needed. For
ii. The poverty line amount for a one-person
household (Community Services Block Grant Act (42
U.S.C. 9902)). For 2024, the allowable amount is:
E-filing Form 1099-QA. The Taxpayer First Act of 2019
authorized the Department of the Treasury and the IRS to
issue regulations that reduce the 250-return e-file
threshold. T.D. 9972, published February 23, 2023,
lowered the e-file threshold to 10 (calculated by
$14,580 in the continental United States,
$18,210 in Alaska, and
$16,770 in Hawaii.
Note. The amount is based on P.L. 115-97, section
11024(a)(1)(B)(ii)(II), which allows for “an amount equal to
the poverty line for a one-person household, as
determined for the calendar year preceding the calendar
year in which the tax year begins.” For more information,
aggregating all information returns), effective for
information returns required to be filed on or after January
Online fillable forms. Due to the very low volume of
paper Forms 1099-QA and 5498-QA received and
processed by the IRS each year, these forms have been
Feb 28, 2024
Cat. No. 67557E
The contribution limit is determined using the
poverty guideline applicable in the state of the
designated beneficiary’s residence, rather than
which the transferor ABLE account is closed upon
completion of the transfer, or of part or all of the balance to
an ABLE account of another eligible individual who is a
member of the family of the former designated beneficiary,
without any intervening distribution or deemed distribution
to the designated beneficiary.
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CAUTION
the guideline applicable in the state in which the
designated beneficiary’s ABLE account is established, or
elsewhere.
An employed designated beneficiary is not eligible for
the increased contribution limit for the tax year if any
contribution is made on behalf of the employee to a
defined contribution plan (within the meaning of section
414(i)), a section 403(b) plan, or a section 457(b) plan.
The designated beneficiary is responsible for maintaining
adequate records to document the eligibility for increased
Separate accounting. A qualified ABLE program must
provide separate accounting for each designated
beneficiary.
Limited investment direction. A qualified ABLE
program provides that a designated beneficiary may,
directly or indirectly, direct the investment of any
contributions to the program (or any earnings on it) no
more than two times in any calendar year.
Pledging of interest as security. A program is not
treated as a qualified ABLE program if it allows any
interest in the program, or any portion of it, to be used as
security for a loan.
Excess aggregate contributions. A qualified ABLE
program must provide adequate safeguards to prevent
aggregate contributions on behalf of a designated
beneficiary in excess of the limit established by the state
under the state's qualified tuition program (QTP).
Aggregate contributions include contributions to any prior
ABLE account maintained by any qualified ABLE program
for the same designated beneficiary or any prior
designated beneficiary.
Specific Instructions for Form
1099-QA
Who Must File
Any state or its agency or instrumentality that establishes
and maintains a qualified ABLE program must file a Form
1099-QA, Distributions From ABLE Accounts, with the IRS
on or before March 1, of the following year, for each
ABLE account from which any distribution was made or
which was terminated during the calendar year. The filing
may be done by either an officer or employee of the state,
or its agency, or instrumentality having control of the
qualified ABLE program, or the officer’s or employee’s
designee.
Do not file Form 1099-QA for a change in the name of
the designated beneficiary on an ABLE account if the new
designated beneficiary is an eligible individual and a
member of the family of the former designated beneficiary.
For these purposes, a “member of the family” means a
sibling, whether by blood or by adoption, and includes a
brother, sister, stepbrother, stepsister, half-brother, or
half-sister. If the new designated beneficiary is not an
eligible individual for the tax year or is not a member of the
family of the former beneficiary, the Form 1099-QA filed
with respect to the former designated beneficiary should
include in box 1 the fair market value (FMV) of the assets
in the ABLE account on the date on which the change is
made to the new designated beneficiary.
Statements to Recipients
If you are required to file Form 1099-QA, you must also
furnish a statement to the designated beneficiary of the
ABLE account reporting distributions, and to each
contributor who received a returned contribution (plus
earnings) attributable to the calendar year. Furnish a copy
of Form 1099-QA or an acceptable substitute statement to
each recipient, but only with regard to the amounts paid to
that recipient. See part M in the current General
Return of excess contributions and excess aggregate
contributions. A qualified ABLE program must return an
excess contribution or excess aggregate contribution
(including all net income attributable to that excess
contribution or excess aggregate contribution) to the
person who made the contribution on or before the due
date (including extensions) for the federal income tax
return of the designated beneficiary for the tax year in
which the excess contribution or excess aggregate
contribution was made.
Rollovers and program-to-program transfers. For
purposes of these instructions, a “rollover” means a
contribution to an ABLE account of the designated
beneficiary (or of an eligible individual who is a member of
the family of the designated beneficiary) of all or a portion
of an amount withdrawn from the designated beneficiary’s
ABLE account, provided the contribution is made within
60 days of the date of the withdrawal and, in the case of a
rollover to the designated beneficiary’s ABLE account, no
rollover has been made to an ABLE account of the
designated beneficiary within the prior 12 months.
Instructions for Certain Information Returns.
Truncating recipient’s TIN on payee statements.
Pursuant to Regulations section 301.6109-4, all filers of
this form may truncate a recipient’s TIN (social security
number (SSN), individual taxpayer identification number
(ITIN), adoption taxpayer identification number (ATIN), or
employer identification number (EIN)) on recipient
statements. Truncation is not allowed on any documents
the filer files with the IRS. A payer's TIN may not be
truncated on any form. See part J in the current General
Instructions for Certain Information Returns.
Payer's Name and TIN
Enter the name, address, and TIN of the payer. For a
program established and maintained by a state that uses
the EIN of the state, enter the name of the state on the first
A “program-to-program transfer” means the direct
transfer of the entire balance of an ABLE account to an
ABLE account of the same designated beneficiary in
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Instructions for Forms 1099-QA and 5498-QA (2024)
name line and the name of the program on the second
name line.
each ABLE account, a Form 5498-QA, ABLE Account
Contribution Information, with the IRS on or before June 2,
2025. The filing may be done by either an officer or
employee of the state, or its agency, or instrumentality
having control of the qualified ABLE program, or the
officer’s or employee’s designee.
Recipient's Name and TIN
List the designated beneficiary as the recipient unless you
are reporting a returned excess contribution to the
contributor. In that case, list the contributor as the
recipient. Enter the TIN of the applicable recipient.
Statements to Beneficiaries
If you are required to file Form 5498-QA with the IRS, you
must also furnish a statement to the designated
beneficiary by March 17, 2025. Furnish a copy of Form
5498-QA or an acceptable substitute statement to each
beneficiary. See part M in the 2024 General Instructions
for Certain Information Returns.
Account Number
The IRS encourages you to designate an account number
for all Forms 1099-QA that you file. See part L in the
current General Instructions for Certain Information
Returns.
Truncating beneficiary’s TIN on payee statements.
Pursuant to Regulations section 301.6109-4, all filers of
this form may truncate a beneficiary’s TIN (social security
number (SSN), individual taxpayer identification number
(ITIN), adoption taxpayer identification number (ATIN), or
employer identification number (EIN)) on payee
Box 1. Gross Distribution
Enter the gross distribution from the ABLE account during
the calendar year. The gross distribution includes
amounts distributed that the designated beneficiary
intends to roll over to another ABLE account, but does not
include program-to-program transfers. See Rollovers and
statements. Truncation is not allowed on any documents
the filer files with the IRS. An issuer's TIN may not be
truncated on any form. See part J in the 2024 General
Instructions for Certain Information Returns.
1099-QA for a contributor, enter in box 1 the amount(s) of
excess contributions returned plus earnings thereon.
Box 2. Earnings
Account Number
The IRS encourages you to designate an account number
for all Forms 5498-QA that you file. See part L in the 2024
General Instructions for Certain Information Returns.
To determine the earnings on the gross distribution
reported in box 1, see Regulations section 1.529A-3(c).
Box 3. Basis
Enter the portion of the distribution that constitutes the
return of investment in the account. The amount of the
gross distribution minus the earnings portion of that
distribution is the portion of the distribution that constitutes
the return of investment in the account. This amount is
computed by subtracting the amount in box 2 from the
amount in box 1.
Box 1. ABLE Contributions
Enter the total amount of contributions made to the ABLE
account in 2024. Include all cash contributions, section
529 QTP to ABLE rollovers, and QTP to ABLE
program-to-program transfers. Total contributions do not
include any excess contributions returned by the due date
of the designated beneficiary's 2024 return (including
extensions). Do not include the amount of any rollover or
program-to-program transfer. If no contributions were
made in 2024, enter zero in this box.
Box 4. Program-to-Program Transfer Checkbox
Check this box if a program-to-program transfer was made
from this ABLE account to another ABLE account during
the calendar year. See Rollovers and program-to-program
transfers, earlier.
Box 2. ABLE to ABLE Rollovers
Enter the amount of any rollover or program-to-program
transfer to this ABLE account from another ABLE account
in 2024. Do not include any contributions from a section
529 program. See Rollovers and program-to-program
transfers, earlier.
Box 5. ABLE Account Terminated Checkbox
Check the box if the ABLE account terminated during the
calendar year.
Box 6. Other Than Designated Beneficiary
Checkbox
Check this box if this form is being filed with respect to a
distribution to, or for the benefit of, someone other than
the designated beneficiary of the ABLE account, for
example, a distribution of an excess contribution to the
contributor.
Box 3. Cumulative Contributions
You may, but are not required to, enter the amount of
cumulative contributions to this ABLE account. This
amount is the total of amounts contributed since the
establishment of the ABLE account, including amounts
contributed to an ABLE account for the same designated
beneficiary that was rolled over, or directly transferred (in a
program-to-program transfer), to the current ABLE
account.
Specific Instructions for Form
5498-QA
Who Must File
Any state, or its agency, or instrumentality that establishes
and maintains a qualified ABLE program must file, for
Box 4. Fair Market Value
Enter the FMV of the account as of December 31, 2024.
Box 5. Account Opened Checkbox
Check the box if the ABLE account was opened in 2024.
Instructions for Forms 1099-QA and 5498-QA (2024)
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Code 2—Intellectual Disability: May be reported as
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Box 6. Basis of Eligibility
mild, moderate, or severe intellectual disability.
You must enter one code letter in box 6.
Code 3—Psychiatric Disorders: Schizophrenia; Major
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depressive disorder; Post-traumatic stress disorder
(PTSD); Anorexia nervosa; Attention deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (AD/HD); Bipolar disorder.
CAUTION
Report the basis of the designated beneficiary's
eligibility using the codes below.
Code A—Eligibility established under section 529A(e)
Code 4—Nervous Disorders: Blindness, Deafness,
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Cerebral Palsy, Muscular Dystrophy, Spina Bifida,
Juvenile-onset Huntington's disease; Multiple sclerosis;
Severe sensorineural hearing loss; Congenital cataracts.
(1)(A), SSDI, Title II SSA.
Code B—Eligibility established under section 529A(e)
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(1)(A), SSI, Title XVI SSA.
Code 5—Congenital Anomalies: Chromosomal
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Code C—Designated beneficiary is the subject of a
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abnormalities, including Down Syndrome, Osteogenesis
imperfecta; Xeroderma pigmentosum; Spinal muscular
atrophy; Fragile X syndrome; Edwards syndrome.
disability certification filed with the IRS for 2024.
Box 7. Type of Disability Code
Code 6—Respiratory Disorders: Cystic Fibrosis.
Code 7—Other: Includes Tetralogy of Fallot;
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The following information will only be used for
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aggregate reporting purposes as required by law.
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome; End-stage liver disease;
Juvenile-onset rheumatoid arthritis; Sickle cell disease;
Hemophilia; and any other disability not listed under
codes 1 through 6.
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CAUTION
Report only one primary code number for the type of
disability for which the designated beneficiary is receiving
ABLE qualifying benefits. If more than one code applies,
select the most significant code.
Code 1—Developmental Disorders: Autistic Spectrum
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Disorder, Asperger’s Disorder, Developmental Delays and
Learning Disabilities.
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Instructions for Forms 1099-QA and 5498-QA (2024)